1、affect 与 effect 均可表示“影响”,其区别是:
前者是动词(及物),主要指一时的影响,着重影响的动作,可指一般意义的影响(不分好坏),也可指不良影响;
后者是名词(可数或不可数);
两者的关系大致为:affect=have an effect on.如:
To affect a policy is to have an effect on it.
影响一项政策就是对该政策具有一定影响。
The news did not affect her at all.=The news had no effect on her at all.
这条消息对她没有一点影响。
effect /ɪˈfekt/ (名词、动词都是这个发音,重音在后面,不要受到很多单词都是当名词重音在前而当动词重音在后的影响)有时也用作动词(及物),但不表示“影响”,而表示“实现”或“产生”等。如:
They effected their escape in the middle of the night.
他们半夜逃脱了。
He effected great changes in the company.
他使公司发生了巨大的变化。
2、influence表示“影响”,主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接的或潜移默化的影响。可用作动词(及物)或名词(通常不可数,但有时可连用不定冠词)。如:
What you read influences your thinking.
你读的东西对你的思想有影响。
Television has a strong influence on people.
电视对人有很大的影响。
It’s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso.
她的画显然受了毕加索的影响。
另外,提到对人的感情的影响,用affect。其实affect还有“感动”的意思。而affect的派生名词affection主要的意思就是“喜爱、感情”
那么我们来分析一下我们工作中实际见到的句子。
This is a very serious quality issue which have influenced our normal production.
此处,用influence不是很合适,最好还是用affect。
改为:This is a very serious quality issue, which have affected our normal production.或:
This is a very serious quality issue, which have had an effect on our normal production.