在中学英语语法里,延续性动词和非延续性动词是令很多同学头疼的两个概念。搞清楚它们对学好英语语法非常重要。
延续性动词表示可以持续的动作或者状态,也称为持续性动词。常见的延续性动词有:have,drink,eat,sleep,work,stand,walk,snow,wait,keep,lie,read,play,live,sing,run,smoke,study,wear…
It has been raining for three days.已经下了三天的雨了。
Everyone can at least keep the book for 10 days.这本书大家起码可以借十天。
非延续性动词表示短暂、瞬间完成的动作,也称为短暂性动词或终止性动词。常见的非延续性动词有:break,cut,borrow,die,hit,stop,start,begin,reach,return,marry,move,close,come,go,fall,join,hear,see,catch,leave,jump,buy…
Ten people died in the flood. 十人死于洪灾。
Tom finished his homework yesterday.汤姆昨天完成了家庭作业。
注意:
1、肯定的非延续性动词只能和时间点连用,不能和时间段连用,因为这种动词在瞬间或相对很短的时间内就结束了,不可以延续。
李磊和韩梅梅已经结婚三年了。
LiLei and HanMeimei have got married for three years.
这个句子错在把非延续性动词和时间段连用。结婚got married是一个短暂的动作,这个动作不可能延续三年的时间,所以是错的。正确表达:
LiLei and HanMeimei got married three years agao.句子中 got married非延续性动词
LiLei and HanMeimei have been married for three years. 句子中have been married表达状态,可延续。
2、非延续性动词的否定格式可以表达延续的含义。
I haven’t seen him for 2 years. 我有两年没有见他了。
It’s five years since he smoked.他戒烟五年了。
3、延续性动词既可以和时间点连用,也可以和时间段连用。
I will be working at 9 o’clok tomorrow.明天九点我将会正在工作。
Tom worked in London for nine year.汤姆曾经在伦敦工作了九年。