新概念英语第三册Lesson 6 重点语法句型解析及课文翻译
Lesson 6 Smash-and-grab砸橱窗抢劫
课文中加粗字体句子为重点解析句型
The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty. Mr Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new window display. Two of his assistants had been working busily since 8 o'clock and had only just finished. Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr Taylor went back into his shop.
The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweler's. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars. While this was going on, Mr Taylor was upstairs. He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window. Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade. One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.
The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed. Just as it was leaving, Mr Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases, but it was impossible to stop the thieves. They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.
语法分析:1, The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. 皮卡迪利大街附近的一条著名拱廊街道上，几家高档商店刚刚开始营业。
in a famous arcade near Piccadilly介词短语修饰shops
The shoe shop in my neighborhood was just opening.我家附近的鞋店刚刚开们营业。语法分析: 本句是一个简单句，使用-ing形式结构，after gazing...=after he gazed...但是，这个结构ing的逻辑主语一定要和主句的主语是一致的。2. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr. Taylor went back into his shop.泰勒先生站在橱窗外凝神欣赏了几分钟就回到了店里。
语法分析:3. The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade.宁静突然被打破，一辆大轿车亮着前灯，响着喇叭，呼啸着冲进了拱廊街，在珠宝店门口停了下来。
with its headlights on...是with 的复合结构。这个结构是第六课的重点句式：with 的复合结构(独立主格结构)使用基本规则:
（1）如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，应该采用动词的ing形式作宾补：
The beautiful girl sat staring into the distance with tears streaming down her cheeks. 漂亮的女孩坐着凝视着远方，泪流满面。
Her daughter stood there with her hands resting on her hips.她的女儿站在那，两手叉腰。
（2）如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是动宾关系，应该采用过去分词形式作宾补：
Sheran into the room with her face covered with tears. 她泪流满面地冲进了房间。
With her homework finished, she felt happy. 她做完作业后很高兴。
（3）如果表达某事将要发生，要用动词不定式to作宾补：
With a lot of work to do, he can't go out for fun. 因为有很多工作要做，所以他不能出去玩。
(4） 如果说明当时地状态，常用形容词，副词或介词短语作宾补:
He used to sleep with all the windows open.他常常开窗睡觉。
He went out with his hat on. 他戴着帽子出去了。
With the meeting over, we went home. 会议结束后，我们回家了。
He came in with a knife in his hand. 他进来了，手里揣着刀。
Two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out. 另外两个人跳了出来, 脸上蒙着黑袜子。
总结with的用法：
with 用于句首或句尾，常表示状语、行为方式、原因、伴随状况等；
with如果跟在名词之后，是用来修饰限定该名词
a thief with stocking over his face;a teacher with a book under his arm;a room with the windows open
4. It came to a stop outside the jeweler's.车在珠宝店门口停了下来
语法分析:
(1) come to 后面常接名词，表示达到
come to a stop停下来；
come to an end结束；
come to a decision决定；
come to an agreement达成一致；
come to an understanding达成共识；
come to success获得成功；
come to fame成名
(2) 某种店的表达法：该种职业的人's
barber理发师 →the barber's理发店；
butcher 屠夫 → the butcher's肉店；
baker 面包师 → the baker's面包店；
greengrocer 蔬菜水果商 →the greengrocer's水果店；
chemist 药剂师 → the chemist's 药店
(3) 表示"在某店"，常用介词at：以下三个词本身就有"店"的意思
at the grocer's在杂货店；
at the stationer's在文具店;
at the tobacconist's在烟店。
语法分析:5. One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.一个窃贼被一尊很重的雕像击中，但由于他忙着抢钻石首饰，竟连疼痛都顾不上了。
help oneself to:自便。help yourself to dish 随便吃
My roommate helped herself to my clothes without asking me. 我的室友不问问我就穿我的衣服。6. The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed.这场抢劫只持续了3分钟，因为窃贼争先恐后地爬上轿车，以惊人的速度开跑了。
语法分析:(1) at a fantastic speed以惊人的速度
类似的表达方式: at a tremendous speed / at a high(full) speed / with great speed(2) for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed.复习lesson2 A Unknown Godness重点语法及长难句分析for 引导并列句，补充说明整个抢劫用时非常短，仅有3分钟，因为窃贼争先恐后地爬上轿车，以惊人的速度开跑了。详细分析参考lesson 2
1.The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它曾享有高度的文明。
for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.for引导并列句，不是原因状语从句，尽管习惯上人们都称for引导的这样的句子为原因状语从句，仅仅是因为我们常把它翻译为“因为……”。其实，这时的for从句只是对主句进行附加说明。如果一定要归类为原因状语从句，也要对比一下：because引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因，而for引导的原因状语从句，突出了主句。
我们还是把for看作是并列连词，引导的是并列句，引出的原因是比较间接，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，似乎是事后想做的补充解释，或附加的理由，并不是说明主句行为发生的直接原因。通俗点讲，主句发生的动作不是因为for所说明的原因，有时甚至可以“倒因为果”
for引导的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。例如：
1. I do it because I like it. 我做这件事因为我喜欢。
2. The day broke, for the birds were singing. 破晓了，因为鸟儿在唱歌。
3. He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能看到我，因为我没在那儿。
4. He seldom goes out now, for he is very old. 他现在很少出去，因为老了。7. They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds.他们已带着价值数千镑的首饰逃之夭夭了。
语法分析:
thousands of pounds worth of diamonds
hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of jewel数十万美元的珠宝皮卡迪利大街附近的一条著名拱廊街道上，几家高档商店刚刚开始营业。在早晨的这个时候，拱廊街上几乎空无一人。珠宝店主泰勒先生正在欣赏新布置的橱窗。他手下两名店员从早上8点就开始忙碌，这时刚刚布置完毕。钻石项链、戒指漂亮地陈列在黑色丝绒上面。泰勒先生站在橱窗外凝神欣赏了几分钟就回到了店里。 宁静突然被打破，一辆大轿车亮着前灯，响着喇叭，呼啸着冲进了拱廊街，在珠宝店门口停了下来。一人留在驾驶座上，另外两个用黑色长筒丝袜蒙面的人跳下车来。 他们用铁棒把商店橱窗的玻璃砸碎。这开始发生时，泰勒先生正在楼上。他与店员动手向窗外投掷家具，椅子，桌子飞落花流水在拱廊街上。一个窃贼被一尊很重的雕像击中，但由于他忙着抢钻石首饰，竟连疼痛都顾不上了。三、课文翻译参考
这场抢劫只持续了3分钟，因为窃贼争先恐后地爬上轿车，以惊人的速度开跑了。就在轿车离开的时候，泰勒先生从店里冲了出来，跟在车后追赶，一边还往车上扔烟灰缸、花瓶。但他已无法抓住那些窃贼了。他们已带着价值数千镑的首饰逃之夭夭了。
