考点08 构词法
高考频度：★★★★★
构词法一 派生法
1.形容词变副词的后缀
......
题组一 基础过关
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The customer thought for a moment，but didn’t respond because he didn’t want to start an ________ (argue).
2.You can ________ (large) your vocabulary if you keep on memorizing some new words every day.
3.Some think that studying abroad can ________ (broad) their horizons.
4.That little act of ________ (kind) made everyone who saw it feel good—but it made me feel the best of all!
5.Just imagine how terribly shy I was the moment I thought of that with so many eyes fixed upon me. I had no other ________ (choose)，though.
6.So ________ (excite) was I that I couldn’t wait to try my hand at riding it.
7.Luckily，she was not badly ________ (injure) and we sent her to the nearest hospital.
8.A man ________ (immediate) rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation.
9.They made his restaurant a very popular place. Today，potato chips are one of Americans’ ________ (favor) foods!
10.You see，there were always a great number of tourists visiting the shops，so I could always find someone ________ (interest) to talk with.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
2.The teachers here are kind and helpfully.
3.Interesting，it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器)industry.
4.In some places you may borrow as more books as you need，but in others you are limited to a certain number of books.
5.We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining hardly.
6.The Emperor opened his eyes widely but still saw nothing.
7.I am awfully tiring，but I know I’ll never fall sleep.
8.I found the test difficult，but I tried hardly to do it.
9.Before waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get impatiently.
10.I remember my grandfather very much.
题组二 能力提升
Ⅰ.语篇填空
The speech seemed to be __1__(stop) and the listeners became very __2__(patient). When the __3__(speak) said that oil was non－renewable and that the best way to__4__(solution) the problem was not to make cars and buses but to force people to go to work or school on foot，the audience thought it was __5__(practice) and __6__(bear) to listen to him any longer. They __7__(believe) that the world would go__8__(smooth) without these modern__9__(transport). They also thought that the speaker was __10__(responsible) to make such a __11__(state)without thinking it __12__(careful) and his speech would cause some __13__(understand). So most of the__14__(listen)chose to leave，shouting loudly and__15__(angry).
Ⅱ.语法填空
My English teacher was very tall. The moment she 1.________ (enter) the class, we would all sit 2.________ (quiet) and open the books. She would encourage me by giving me important assignments and also morning news to read during the assembly. She would come down and listen to my English debate (辩论), 3.________ made me take part in all debate competitions.
4.________ same was true of my biology and science teacher. She was very nice and sweet. She would always give me extra information on the biology project. I could not go to the lab for experiments, so she would bring the lab down and help me with the biology and science 5.________ (experiment) and would give me excellent marks.
My friends made me monitor and the naughty boys listened to me. My friends used to help me with my notes when I was 6.________ (absence).My teachers always gave me important project work and I felt proud when they patted me 7.________ the back after I finished it quickly and correctly. I was never shouted at or made fun of or scolded by any of my friends and teachers.
Today I often see the terrible punishments 8.________ (give) to students on TVs.I feel very sad.
I really want to express my love and thanks to all my wonderful teachers and friends. Without them my school life would not 9.________ (be) so excellent and 10.________ (forget).
题组三 体验真题
1. （2018年新课标卷II·语法填空）This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
2. （2018年新课标卷II·语法填空）According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___ (globe)fertilizer consumption.
3. （2018年浙江卷·语法填空）The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ___62___(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even ___63___ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ___64___(weigh) problems.
4. （2017年新课标卷I·语法填空）However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes.
5. （2017年新课标卷II·语法填空）This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
6.(2017·新课标I卷改编)Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be_________( heartbreak).
7. (2017·新课标I卷改编)The homeowner was very _________(help). A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and_________( comfort). I placed the chick in the nest, and it _________(quick) calmed down.
8. (2017·新课标I卷改编)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed_________( heart).
9. (2017·新课标I卷改编)While high school does not _________(general) encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that _________(explore).
10. (2017·新课标II卷改编)The _________(friend) that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age _________(differ), we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.
题组一 基础过关
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.argument 2.enlarge 3.broaden 4.kindness 5.choice
6.excited 7.injured 8.immediately 9.favorite 10.interesting
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.wonderfully → wonderful 2.helpfully → helpful 3.Interesting → Interestingly 4.more→ many
5.hardly → hard 6.widely → wide 7.tiring → tired 8.hardly → hard
9.impatiently → impatient 10.much → well/clearly
题组二 能力提升
Ⅰ.语篇填空
1.nonstop 2.impatient 3.speaker 4.solve 5.impractical
6.unbearable 7.disbelieved 8.smoothly 9.transportations 10.irresponsible
11.statement 12.carefully 13.misunderstandings 14.listeners 15.angrily
Ⅱ.语法填空
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的老师和朋友们对作者的帮助。
3.which
【解析】考查定语从句。该句是非限制性定语从句，又是指代前面一整句话的，所以只能用关系词which。
4.The
【解析】考查固定搭配。“The same is true of…”为固定表达。
5.experiments
【解析】考查名词复数。由上文可知，这里的experiment应该用复数形式。
6.absent
【解析】考查形容词。be absent意为“缺席，不在”，这里需用形容词。
7.on
【解析】考查介词。pat on the back“拍打背”，为固定搭配，所以这里用介词on。
9.have been
【解析】考查虚拟语气。该句是虚拟语气，并表示对过去的虚拟，所以主句需用would have done。
10.unforgettable
【解析】考查形容词。forget是“忘记”的意思，这里的意思是学校生活是精彩的，是无法忘记的，所以需用unforgettable。
题组三 体验真题
1.pollution
【解析】考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。
2.global
【解析】考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。
3.62. affordable。
【解析】此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”故填affordable。
63. higher。
【解析】此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填higher。
64. weight。
【解析】此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。
4.careful
【解析】句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词做表语，故填careful。
6. heartbreaking
7. helpful; comfortable; quickly
8. heartily
9. generally; exploration
10. friendship; difference
感谢阅读。获取完整电子文档：关注 私信。
