被动语态的构成有几种,被动语态的构成及基本用法

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被动语态的构成有几种,被动语态的构成及基本用法(1)

被动语态的基本构成:主语 be 及物动词的过去分词。动词的执行者由介词 by 引出,往往可以省去。被动语态是动词的一种形式,有时态、人称和数的变化,这种变化体现在助动词 be 上。英语中常用的十种被动语态如下表所示(以ask 为例):

被动语态的构成有几种,被动语态的构成及基本用法(2)

十种被动语态

1.一般现在时:主语 am/is/are 过去分词

English is taught in most schools in china.

中国大多数学校都教英语。

2.一般过去时:主语 was/were 过去分词

The computer was put into operation in 1942.

计算机于1942年投入运行。

3.一般将来时:主语 shall/will be 过去分词

The sports meet will be put off.

运动会将被推迟。

4.过去将来时:主语 should/would be 过去分词

He said he would be loved if he loved others.

他说只要他爱别人,自己就会被爱。

5.现在进行时:主语 am/is/are being 过去分词

I'm afraid I am being followed.

恐怕有人正在跟踪我。

被动语态的构成有几种,被动语态的构成及基本用法(3)

6.过去进行时:主语 was/were being 过去分词

The hospital was being built when I came last time.

上次我来时,这家医院正在修建中。

7.现在完成时:主语 have/has been 过去分词

Many new buildings have been completed in the city.

这座城市里已经建成许多新建筑。

8.过去完成时:主语 had been 过去分词

All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived.

他们到达时,所有的票已经售完了。

9.将来完成时:主语 shall/will have been 过去分词

The new factory will have been completed by the end of this month.

这个月末,这个新工厂将会竣工。

10.过去将来完成时:主语 should/would have been 过去分词

He said that Book One would have been finished by the end of this term.

他说到本学期末第一册书将已学完。

被动语态的构成有几种,被动语态的构成及基本用法(4)

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