中考词形变换
1.动词→名词
（1)v. er(or/r)
表示相应动作的人或者职业
win→winner
play→player
listen→listener
love→lover
sleep→sleeper
work→worker
act→actor
direct→director
dance→dancer
design→designer
report→reporter
lead→leader
own→owner
drive→driver
speak→speaker
travel→traveler/traveller
sing→singer
write→writer
run→runner
invent→inventor
visit→visitor
dive→diver
explore→explorer
light→fighter
paint→painter
manage-→manager
interview→interviewer
（2)u ing
表示相应动作的名词
swim→swimming
cook→cooking
draw→drawing
hike→hiking
meet→meeting
paint→painting
read→reading
begin→beginning
build→building
write→writing
walk→walking
skate→skating
ski→skiing
mean→meaning
feel→feeling
（3)v. tion/ation/sion
大多为抽象名词
operate→operation
organize→organization
collect→collection
communicate→communication
congratulate→congratulation
direct→direction
donate→donation
educate→education
introduce→introduction
invent→invention
invite→invitation
celebrate→celebration
suggest→suggestion
pollute→pollution
protect→protection
act→action
pronounce→pronunciation
connect→connection
consider→consideration
correct→correction
create→creation
describe→description
examine→examination
imagine→imagination
produce→production
compete→competition
compose→composition
decide→decision
discuss→discussion
express→expression
（4)v. ment
大多为抽象名词
govern→government
develop→development
agree→agreement
manage→management
achieve→achievement
treat→treatment
enjoy→enjoyment
excite→excitement
improve→improvement
move→movement
punish→punishment
（5)其他
choose→choice
die→death
marry→marriage
serve→service
think→thought
weigh→weight
act→actress
appear→appearance
succeed→success
fail→failure
discover→discovery
2.动词→形容词
（1)v. ing/ed(d)
＋ing修饰物，v ed修饰人
excite→exciting/excited
amaze →amazing/amazed
satisfy-→satisfying/salisfied
frighten→frightening/frightened
interest-→interesting/interested
relax→relaxing/relaxed
bore→boring/bored
tire→tiring/tired
surprise→surprising/surprised
please→pleasing/pleased
（2)e. tive
act-→active
create-→creative
compare→comparative
（3)其他
wake→awake
live→alive
sleep→asleep
die→dead
3.形容词→副词
（1)adj. ly
careful→carefully
cheap→cheaply
certain→certainly
brave→bravely
different-→differently
clear→clearly
beautiful→beautifully
bright→brightly
correct→correctly
deep→deeply
final→finally
polite→politely
usual→usually
wide→widely
slow- slowly
recent→recently
regular→regularly
quick→quickly
safe→safely
（2)变y为i ly
easy→easily
happy→happily
heavy→heavily
lucky→luckily
unlucky→unluckily
healthy→healthily
（3)去e y
（im)possible→(im)possibly
probable→probably
simple→simply
comfortable→comfortably
4.形容词→名词
（1)adj. ness
happy→happiness
kind→kindness
sick→sickness
sad→sadness
shy→shyness
ill→illness
（2)adj. (-e) (i)ty(y)
safe→safety
difficult→difficulty
active→activity
creative→creativity
possible→possibility
impossible→impossibility
international→internationality
social→sociality
electric→electricity
（3)adj.-t ce
silent→silence
confident→confidence
patient→patience
different→difference
important→importance
excellent→excellence
absent→absence
（4)其他
weigh→weight
high→height
deep→depth
true→truth
young→youth
foreign→foreigner
strange→stranger
medical→medicine
free→freedom
basic→basis
5.名词→形容词
（1)n. y
多为表示天气的名词
snow→snowy
sun→sunny
cloud→cloudy
fog→foggy
shine→shiny
rain→rainy
wind→windy
taste→tasty
health→healthy
noise→noisy
fun→funny
luck→lucky
sleep→sleepy
salt→salty
（2)n. ful
多为抽象意义的名词
wonder→wonderful
colour/color→colourful/colorful
cheer→cheerful
success→successful
power→powerful
peace→peaceful
care→careful
help→helpful
use→useful
harm→harmful
meaning→meaningful
beauty→beautiful
joy→joyful
pain→painful
power→powerful
truth-→truthful
force→forceful
thank→thankful
regret→regretful
（3)n. al
person→personal
tradition→traditional
music→musical
education→educational
culture→cultural
nature→natural
practice→practical
centre→central
type→typical
society→social
（4)n. less
相应形容词的反义词
care→careless
hope→hopeless
help→helpless
harm→harmless
home→homeless
use→useless
meaning→meaningless
end→endless
（5)n. ly
多为表示时间的名词
day→daily
week→weekly
love→lovely
friend→friendly
（6)n. e(r)n
n. em,多为表示方位的名词；
n. en,多为表示物质的名词
north→northern
south→southern
west→western
east→eastern
wood→wooden
gold→golden
（7)n. ous
多为抽象意义的名词
humor→humorous
danger→dangerous
courage→courageous
fame→famous
（8)n. able
value→valuable
fashion→fashionable
comfort→comfortable
knowledge→knowledgeable
reason→reasonable
reuse→reusable
（9)表示国家的名词变形容词
America→American
Britain→British
Chin→Chinese
England→English
France→French
Japan→Japanese
Germany→German
India→Indian
Italy→Italian
（10)其他
energy→energetic
fool→foolish
pride→proud
hunger→hungry
6.名词→名词
（1)n. ist
表示相应的职业
science→scientist
art→artist
piano→pianist
tour→tourist
violin→violinist
（2)n. ian
表示相应的职业
history→historian
magic→magician
music→musician
library→librarian
（3)其他
birth→birthday
friend→friendship
class→classmate
farm→farmer
7.加前缀un,dis,im,in变反义词
（1)加un-变反义词
comfortable→uncomfortable
able→unable
friendly→unfriendly
fair→unfair
like→unlike
happy→unhappy
necessary→unnecessary
pleasant→unpleasant
popular→unpopular
usual→unusual
lucky→unlucky
easy→uneasy
crowded→uncrowded
expected→unexpected
believable→unbelievable
（2)加dis-变反义词
appear→disappear
cover→discover
honest→dishonest
like→dislike
agree→disagree
appoint→disappoint
belief→disbelief
able→disable
（3)加im-变反义词
patient→impatient
possible→impossible
polite→impolite
（4)加in-变反义词
dependent→independent
expensive→inexpensive
correct→incorrect
共计350个
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