动名词做主语的变化,动名词做主语的的用法

首页 > 经验 > 作者:YD1662024-03-29 08:24:54

前言 上一篇讲到的是动词不定式的形式做主语。


今天,我接着讲动名词形式做主语。

动名词做主语的变化,动名词做主语的的用法(1)

  1. 概念: 动名词指的是动词的一种形式,它兼有动词与名词的性质,因此,被称为动名词形式。
  2. 构成: 在动词后面加上ing ,就构成了它的动名词形式。
  3. 变形:

① 动词后面直接加ing, (为动名词的一般式,以下记为 doing)

② having 动词的过去分词,(为动名词的完成式,以下记为having done )

③ being 过去分词 ,(为动名词的被动式,以下记为being done)

④ having been 过去分词 (为动名词的完成被动式,以下记为having been done)

4. 意义: 表示该动词所具有的动作或行为。

① doing 动名词一般式,可以泛指某种事实,也可以指经常发生的动作。

如: Running can contribute to your health.

② having done 动名词的完成式,表示该动词的动作发生在句子谓语动词之前。

如: Having finished the task ahead of time won them praise.

③ being done 动名词的被动式,表示该动词与句中它的逻辑主语为被动关系。

如: Being praised more times usually leads to his pride.

④ having been done 动名词的完成被动式,为②③的意义合成,即该动词动作发生在句子谓语动词之前,同时与它的逻辑主语是被动关系。

如: Having been promoted made him happy.

5. 数: 动名词形式和不定式形式一样,都算作单数,做主语时,谓语动词用单数。

6. 否定式: 动名词的否定形式为 not doing,即在doing 前面加not.

如: Not going with him is his answer.

Not having been promoted made him sad.

7. it 做形式主语: 用it 替代动名词做形式主语,常限于几种固定句型中:

① It is no good doing sth.

② It is no use /useless doing sth.

③ It is worthwhile doing sth.

④ It is great fun doing sth.

8. 动名词的复合结构:在动名词前加上名词所有格,或者形容词性物主代词,就构成了动名词的复合结构。此时,名词或代词指代的人就是动名词的逻辑主语。

如:His coming back gave us a big surprise.

The desk's being opened let them out.

9. 解题技巧: 切记 动词原形不能做主语。如用动名词形式做主语,动名词形式的选择取决于该动词动作与谓语动词动作发生的先后顺序,以及该动词动作与它的逻辑主语之间是主动还是被动关系。

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动名词做主语的变化,动名词做主语的的用法(2)

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