动名词充当主语用法,动名词作主语用法讲解

一，动名词的用法

动名词主要有四种用法，做主语，作宾语，作表语，作定语

〈一〉作主语

1. 直接位于句首

eg. Swimming is a good sport in summer.

2. 用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。

eg. It is no use telling him not to worry.

important，essential，necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。

3. 用于“There be”结构中

eg. There is no saying when he'll come.

4. 动名词的复合结构作主语:当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构, 动名词疑问句通常使用这种结构做主语

eg. Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.

Does your saying that mean anything to him?

〈二〉作宾语

1. 作动词的宾语

某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。不定式通常指某种特定的动作，但动名词表示泛指，常见的此类动词有：

admit, appreciate, excuse, stand, advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, understand, keepon, mind, report, risk, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, feel like, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to, escape and so on.eg. They went on walking and never stopped talking.他们继续走，说个不停。

2．作介词的宾语动词 介词 动名词

eg.The rain prevented us from finishing the project.形容词 介词 动名词

eg. I know who is responsible for breaking the window.名词 介词 动名词

eg. We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term.

3．作形容词的宾语eg. We are busy preparing for the coming test.

〈三〉作表语

动名词作表语时句子主语常是无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。如果句中的主语和表语同为动词时，要注意保持两个动词在形式上的一致。

eg. Your task is cleaning the windows.

〈四〉作定语

动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：

eg. a reading room.（a room for reading）

1. practice doing sth. 练习做某事

I practice playing the piano twice a week.

我每周练习两次弹钢琴。

2. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事

I consider waiting a bit longer before I give up.

我考虑放弃之前再等待一段时间。

3. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

I enjoy playing basketball.

我喜欢打篮球。

4. finish doing sth. 完成做某事

Let's finish doing the work together.

让我们一起完成工作吧。

5. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

My father has given up smoking.

我爸爸已经戒烟了。

6. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事

I can't imagine marrying such a woman.

我不能想象娶了这样一个女人。

7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事

I kept studying English for 1 hour yesterday evening.

昨天晚上，我一直学了1小时英语。

8. put off doing sth. 推迟做某事

Sometimes students put off doing their homework until the last minute.

有时学生们会拖延到最后一分钟才做作业。

9. risk doing sth. 冒险做某事

To win the gamble,he risked losing 100 dollars.

为了赢这场赌局,他冒了失去100美元的风险。

10. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事

I suggest traveling abroad next month.

我建议下个月出国旅行。

1. ____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.

A. To see

B. Seeing

C. Having seen

D. Being seen

2. ____ a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.

A. Passed, buying

B. Passing, to buy

C. Having passed, buy

D. Pass, to buy

3. ____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.

A. To save

B. Saving

C. Saved

D. Having saved

4. The result of the test was rather _____.

A. disappointed

B. disappointing

C. being disappointed

D. disappoint

5. _____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.

A. Not to know

B. Not knowing

C. Knowing not

D. Not known

6. ____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.

A. Having shown

B. Showing

C. Has shown

D. Having been shown

7. He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.

A. gathering

B. gathered

C. gather

D. being gathered

8. The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor's suggestions.

A. follow

B. following

C. followed

D. being followed

9. People who ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.

A. live

B. lives

C. lived

D. living

10. The next morning she found the man ______ in bed, dead .

A. lying

B. lie

C. lay

D. laying

11. ___many times, he still couldn't understand.

A. Having been told

B. Having told

C. He having been told

D. Telling

12. China is one of the largest countries in the world, _____9. 6 million square kilometres.

A. to cover

B. covered

C. covers

D. covering

13. He walked down the hills, ____softly to himself.

A. sing

B. singing

C. sung

D. to sing

14. When I came in, I saw Dr. Li _____a patient.

A. examine

B. examining

C. to examine

D. examined

15. ____a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.

A. Having been given

B. Having given

C. Giving

D. Being given

1.I really can’t understand ___ her like that.

A. you treat B. you to treat

C. why treat D. you treating

2.The host held the party without ___Tom.

A. invited B. had invited

C. inviting D. being invited

3.Tom came to the party without ___ by the host.

A. invited B. inviting

C. having invited D. being invited

4.Tom was very unhappy for ___ to the party.

A. having not been invited

B. not having invited

C. having not invited

D. not having been invited

5.Our monitor suggested ___ a discussionof this subject.

A. to have B. should have

C. have D. having

6.----What do you think made Jim so happy？

----_____ by his teacher.

A. praising B. Praised

C. Praise D. Being praised

7.Mary has been ____ her job but she hasn’t decided yet.

A. considering changing

B. considered changing

C. considering to change

D. considered to have changed

8.Cai lun was considered ____ paper the first in the world.

A. inventing B. having invented

C. to invent D. to have invented

9.I am sorry for ____ ahead of time.

A. letting you not know

B. not letting you know

C. letting you know not

D. letting not you know

10.He has always insisted on ___ Dr. Turner instead of Mr. Turner.

A. he should be called B. he is called

C. his called D. his being called

11. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help___ into buying something they don’t really need.

A. to persuade B. persuading

C. being persuaded D. persuade

12.She can’t help ___ the house because she’s busy making cakes.

A. to clean B. cleaning

C. cleaned D. being cleaned

13.What worried the child most was ___ to visit his mother in hospital.

A. his not allowing

B. his not being allowed

C. his being not allowed

D. having not been allowed

14．We are both looking forward to ____ next week.

A. going on avacation B. go on a vacation

C. be going on avacation D. have gone on a vacation

15．He had no difficulty ____ the problems.

A. working out B. having worked out

C. to have workedout D. to work out

答案

1-5：DCDDD 6-10: DADBD 11-15: CABAA

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