1. It is often said that ... / Many people claim that ...
2. In this day and age ... /Nowadays/ These days ...
3. We live in an age when many of us are...
4. ... is a hotly-debated topic that often divides opinions.
5. ... is often discussed yet rarely understood.
6.It goes without saying that ... is One of the most important issues we are facing today.
论点：
1.Firstly, let us take a look at ... / To start with, ...
2.First of all, it is worth considering...
3.Secondly, ... Thirdly, ...
4.Furthermore, ... / In addition, ... /What is more, ... / On top of that, ...
5.Another point worth noting is that ... /Another factor to consider is ...
6.Lastly, ... / Finally, ... / Last but not least, ...
举例，论据：
1. When it comes to 名词/动名词, ...
2. In terms of 名词/动名词, ...
3. With respect to 名词/动名词, ...
4. Not only ... but also ...
5. According to experts, ...
6. Research has found that ...
7. There are those who argue that ...
8. For instance, ... / For example, ... / such as ...
表达因果：
1. As a result, ... / As a result of ...,
2. ... has led to ... / ... has resulted in ...
3. Consequently, ... / Therefore, ...
4. On account of ... / Due to ...
5. The reason behind this is ...
对比/让步：
1. Although / Even though 名词 动词, ...
2. Despite / In spite of 名词/动名词, ...
3. Despite the fact that 名词 动词, ...
4. On the one hand, ... On the other hand ...
5. However ... / Nevertheless, ... / Even so ...
观点：
1. As far as I'm concerned, ...
2. From my point of view, ...
3. In my opinion, ...
4. Personally speaking, ...
5. My own view on the matter is ...
结论：
1.To sum up, ... / In conclusion, ...
2.All things considered, ...
3.Taking everything into consideration, ...
4.Weighing up both sides of the argument, ...
5.The advantages of ... outweigh the disadvantages.
否定句型：
1. Instead of indulging in playing computer games, children should be taught how to benefit from useful information on the Internet.
应该教孩子们如何从互联网获取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩电脑游戏。
2. On no account (Under no circumstances) can we ignore the immense value of knowledge.
我们绝不能忽视知识的巨大价值。
3. College students take part-time jobs not for more money but for a better understanding of societies.
大学生参加兼职工作不是为了赚更多钱，而是为了更好地了解社会。
4. One’s salary does not depend so much on his educational background as on his ability and contribution to the society.
一个人的工资与其说取决于他的教育背景倒不如说取决于他的能力和对社
会的贡献。
5. In terms of nutrition, fast food is far from satisfactory.
从营养角度来说，快餐远非令人满意。
6. Parents would not expect their children to become useful persons without working hard.
父母们不能指望孩子们不经过刻苦努力就可以成才。
非限制性定语从句：
1. Undoubtedly, practical courses can be used to the reality, which is of vital importance to their development in the future.
毫无疑问，实用性课程可以用于实际中，这对于他们未来发展是非常重要的。
2. Children tend to imitate what they have seen and heard on mass media, which is sometimes dangerous and harmful.
孩子们倾向于模仿大众媒体上的所见所闻，这在有时是危险和有害的。
3. The majority of students believe that part-time jobs will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力, 这对他
们未来找工作是非常有好处的.
让步状语从句：
1. This view is widely acknowledged; however，there is little evidence that smoking is beneficial to people’s health.
这个观点被广泛认可，然而，几乎没有证据表明吸烟对人们健康有利。
2. Although(While) the computer has been widely used in class, it cannot replace the role of teachers.
尽管计算机已经广泛用于课堂，但是它不能取代教师的作用。
3. Reasonable as the opinion sounds, it cannot bear much analysis.
虽然这个观点听起来有道理，但是它经不住分析。
4.In spite of a lot of conveniences that cars bring to people’s life, they can create a series of serious problems.
尽管汽车给人们的生活带来了许多便利，但是也产生了一系列严重的问题。
It 引导的句子:
1. It is hard to imagine what our life would look like without computers in modern society.
很难想象如果现代社会没有了计算机，我们的生活会变成什么样子。
2. It is conceivable that being physically active does good to health.
可想而知，积极参加体育活动有利于身体健康。
3. It is a highly controversial issue whether women should join the armed forces or not.
假设句
1. If we destroy old buildings, then we will ruin the traditional culture and heritage.
2. You would miss the chance to interact with other students if you used internet at home.
假如你在家上网，你就会失去与其他同学交流的机会。
3. Once you change your present job, you will be faced with the danger of being unemployed.
一旦你变换了现在的工作，就面临着失业的危险。
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