1.表示时间的at、on、in的用法区别
at主要表示:
(1)在某具体时刻之前,如at seven o’ clock,at 7:30.
(2)在固定短语中,如:at noon,at night,at that time,at the age of at the weekend,at Christmas.
On用来表示“在……天”,如:On Monday,On May lst,On Children’s Day.
in用来表示:
(1)在某年、某月、某季节.
(2)在—段时间之后,如:in two hours,in a few days.
注意:在纯粹地表示在上午/下午/晚上时,用in the morning/afternoon/evening,但在某一天的上午、下午、晚上前要用介词on.如:on Monday morning,on the morning of Children’ s Day.
2.表示地点的at,in,on的用法区别
(1) at通常指小地方,in一般指大地方.
(2) at 所指范围不太明确,in指“在……里”.
(3) in指在内部,on指“在……之上”.
3.表示“一段时间”的for与since的用法区别
for后面接时间段,since之后接时间点.
4.表示时间的before与by的用法区别
before与by都可表示“在……之前”,但by含有“不迟于……”、“到……为止”的意思.如果by后是将来的时间,则与将来时连用,若by后是过去的时间,则与过去完成时连用.
5.over与above(under与below)
over,above都表示“在……的上面”,over表示“正上方”,而above只表示“在上方”但不一定在“正上方”.above还可表示温度、水位等“高于”,over还可表示“越过……”.over的反义词是under,above的反义词是below.例如:
There is a bridge over the river
Our plane flew above the clouds.
6.表示“用”的with,by,in的用法
with多指用工具,用身体的部位或器官;by表示使用的方法、手段;in指使用某种语言.如:
We see with our eyes.
We go there by bike.
Please say it out in English.
He cut it open with a knife.
介词的省略
表示时间介词at,on,in 的省略
(1) 在 next,last,this,these,today,yesterday,tomorrow,one,every,each,all等词前,一般不用 at,in,on.
(2) 在某些名词词组前,可以省略(也可不省)如:(on) that day,(in)the year before last
常见搭配
1.动词 介词,如:
listen to,laugh at,write to,hear from,get to,look at,shout at,shout to,knock at,look for,look at,ask for,wait for,get on,get to,put on,turn on,operate on,take off,turn off,learn from,worry about ...
2.形容词 介词,如:
afraid of,full of,angry with,strict with,busy with,good at,good/bad for,late for,sorry for,ready for,famous for,polite to,far from...
3.名词 介词 / 介词 名词
key to,visit to,at home,in surprise,after class,for ever,on time,at last,at first,for example...