从辨析borrow和lend用法开谈直接宾语为代词时句中位置的问题
一、borrow /lend/keep辨析
(1)borrow 借入 ,与from连用，尤指主语“借进来”
borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物
You can borrow the book from the library.你可以从图书馆借这本书。
We often borrow books from our school library.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。
I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher.
我从老师那儿借来了这本字典。
注意：borrow 是一个瞬间完成的动作，因此不能与时间段连用。也没有borrow sb sth 结构用法。
(2)lend 借出 ,与to搭配指借出去
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人
Can you lend me your car this evening?
你今晚能把汽车借给我用一下吗？
Will you lend me your jacket for a little while?
你能把上衣借给我穿一会儿吗？
They won't lend us any more money.
他们不愿再借给我们钱了。
I'll lend you £ 500 and you'll have to find the difference.
我借给你500英镑，其余的你自己解决。
The real headache will be getting the bank to lend you the money.
真正的麻烦将是设法让银行贷款给你。
They refused to lend us the money.
他们拒绝向我们贷款。
The bank refused to lend the money to us.
银行拒绝向我们贷款。
He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.
他不想把书借给别人。
Thank you for lending me your bike.
谢谢你把自行车借给我。
Thanks for lending me the money.
多谢您借钱给我。
I didn't need to go to the bank after all ─ Mary lent me the money.
我最终还是不必去银行了——玛丽借我钱了。
He often lends money to his brother.
他经常借钱给他弟弟。
I'll lend you the letters but they're for your eyes only.
我愿把这些信借给你，但只准你一个人看。
–Can you lend your e-dictionary to me, please?
–Of course. But you mustn’t lend it to others.
你能把电子词典借给我用一下吗？
当然可以，但是你不可以借给别人哦。
(3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）指借一段时间
You can keep my recorder for three days.我的录音机你可以借用三天。
I have kept this book for only one week.
这本书我才刚借了一星期。
---How long could I keep your English-Chinese dictionary?
---Only one day, please.
你的这本英汉词典我能借多久？——只能一天。
二、直接宾语位置的问题探析
作为初学者掌握了以上知识点应付一般考试已经绰绰有余了，但是，如果想对英语研究的更深刻，运用上更融会贯通，还要掌握，如lend、give、send、buy、sell等动词接直接宾语和间接宾语时一般规律是：lend sb(间接宾语) sth(直接宾语)=lend sth to sb;且要求直接宾语时名词或名词短语，以上例句都能说明这个规律。但是，如果直接宾语是代词充当的时候，则直接宾语必须紧跟谓语动词之后和间接宾语之前，语序为：谓语动词 直接宾语 间接宾语或谓语动词 直接宾语 介词 间接宾语，这是强制性规则。也就是直接宾语如果是代词，其位置必须紧紧跟在谓语动词之后，不管有无介词。如：
Don't throw it to him, give it to him!
别扔给他，递给他！
–Of course. But you mustn’t lend it to others.
你能把电子词典借给我用一下吗？
当然可以，但是你不可以借给别人哦。
Orange juice makes him sick so don't give it to him.
橙汁会让他恶心，别让他喝橙汁。
He gave it to his sister.
他把那给了他的妹妹。
I took a coin out of my purse and gave it to the child.
我从钱包取出一枚硬币给那个小孩。
He picked up the knife and gave it to me
他捡起刀子递给我。
He pulled a handkerchief from his pocket and gave it to him.
他从口袋里掏出手绢递给他。
I gave it her and she thanked me formally.我把它给了她，她很有礼貌地向我道谢。
Give it me.把它给我。
Where shall I give it you?
我在哪儿把它给你好呢？
After promising to keep the book for me, he broke his word and sold it to someone else.
他答应把书留给我之后，却食言而把它卖给了别人。
One day, a farmer cut it down and sold it to a carpenter.
一天,一个农夫把它砍下来卖给了一个木匠。
