嘉兴市2020~2021学年第一学期期末检测
高一英语
考生须知：
1.全卷分试题卷和答题纸两部分，试题卷12页，答题纸2页，合计14页，有四部 分考查内容，满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。
2.本卷答案必须做在答题纸的相应位置上，做在试题卷上无效。
3.请用黑墨水签字笔将学校、班级、姓名分别填写在答题纸的相应位置上。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关 小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers?
A. In a flower shop. B. In a garden. C. At the woman's home.
2. What will the speakers do together?
A. Go swimming. B. Play video games. C. Do homework.
3. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Teacher and parent. C. Classmates.
4. How much should the man pay for the tickets?
A. $300. B. $260. C. $120.
5. Why did the woman buy so many apples?
A. They were fresh. B. She likes apples. C. They were cheap.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读 各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man like drinking most?
A. Tea. B. Been C. Wine.
7. Why does the man want to drink tea?
A. He wants to Make more Chinese friends.
B. He wants to know more about China's tea culture.
C. He wants to take a rest and refresh himself at the Rain Teahouse.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman think of the traffic?
A. Terrible. B. orderly C. Convenient
9. What made the woman angry the other day?
A. She waited too long for a bus.
B. She lost her phone in a crowded bus.
C. She didn't get on a bus at rush hour
10. What do we know about the man?
A. He lives over the store where he works.
B. He spends two hours on the subway every day.
C. He has no traffic problems on his way to work.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What problem does the man have in learning French?
A. Learning grammar rules.
B. Remembering new words.
C. Understanding native speakers.
12. How does the man learn French?
A. By attending classes.
B. By listening to tapes.
C. By reading the BBC books.
13. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Use French often.
B. Try different books.
C. Watch some TV programs.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. When will the woman give a presentation?
A. On September 7th. B. On September 8th. C. On September 9th.
15. What did Rachel and Sam ask about?
A. The time of the meeting.
B. The change of the schedule.
C. The information on the hotel.
16. What will the woman do in the morning?
A. Prepare her lunch. B. Write several reports. C. Meet Rachel and Sam.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What might the speaker be?
A. A doctor. B. A patient. C. A medical secretary.
18. What does the speaker want Hillary Brown to do?
A. Make an appointment by phone.
B. Get a medical test as soon as possible.
C. Come back to Dr. Smith's office right away.
19. What is the speaker's advice for Hillary Brown?
A. Do more exercise.
B. Avoid sun exposure.
C. Drive as little as possible.
20. How do most people treat a bad sunburn?
A. Put on sun cream. B. Go to the hospital. C. Take some medicine.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 纸上将该项涂黑。
A
When the food we order at a restaurant arrives, the first thing most of us want to do is enjoy it right away. But for every person who just wants to eat their meal, there's another who insists on taking at least five photos of their food to share on social media.
While this may seem like a recent phenomenon, "foodtography" has been around for longer than one would expect. Take US photographer Irving Penn(1917—2009) for example. In 1947, Vogue magazine published a series of food shots taken by Penn. Looking at the carefully placed salad or the series of cakes on stands, it would be easy to think Penn's 73-year-old photos were taken just last week.
Penn's efforts aside, it seems that social media is behind the recent rise of foodtography. Today, if a social media star with thousands of followers posts just one delicious-looking food picture and mentions where it was taken, it can lead to hundreds of new customers for the restaurant or cafe. One such star is Clerkenwell Boy, based in London, whose Instagram account is followed by over 100,000 people.
Yet with popularity, the social media star tries to use his influence for good by encouraging people not to waste food. Research carried out earlier this year by UK supermarket chain Sainsbury's, published in The Guardian found that 55 percent of the 18 to 34-year-olds it surveyed were more likely to "try unusual recipes to create Instagram-friendly dishes" than others, leading to increased food waste. "I hate it like a huge pile of seven burgers photographed just for likes. Are they going to just throw that away now?" Clerkenwell Boy told The Guardian.
So while it's fun to share photos of delicious dishes with your friends, just remember the most important thing: Don't forget to eat your meal afterwards.
1. The author introduces the topic by .
A. describing a funny scene B. showing two different practices
C. comparing two opposite opinions D. sharing an unforgettable experience
2. According to the text, what is the main reason for the recent rise of foodtography?
A. The efforts by Penn
B. The intention to show off.
C. The influence of social media. D. The attraction of delicious food.
3. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. Many people are used to ordering too much food in the restaurant.
B. Posting food photos on social media just for likes may cause food waste.
C. Popular stars should take responsibility for what they post on social media.
D. Trying special recipes to create attractive dishes is preferred by most teenagers.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今由于社交媒体的应用，食物摄影开始兴起。文章介绍了“美食摄影”的历史和这一现象带来的不良影响。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When the food we order at a restaurant arrives, the first thing most of us want to do is enjoy it right away. But for every person who just wants to eat their meal, there's another who insists on taking at least five photos of their food to share on social media.(当我们在餐馆点的食物上桌时，我们大多数人想做的第一件事就是马上享用它。但每一个只想吃一顿饭的人，都会有另一个人坚持拍下至少五张食物的照片在社交媒体上分享)”可推知，作者通过展示两种不同的做法来引入文章主题。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Penn's efforts aside, it seems that social media is behind the recent rise of foodtography.(抛开Penn的努力不谈，社交媒体似乎是最近美食摄影兴起的背后原因)”可知，最近食物摄影兴起的主要原因是社交媒体的影响。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Research carried out earlier this year by UK supermarket chain Sainsbury's, published in The Guardian found that 55 percent of the 18 to 34-year-olds it surveyed were more likely to "try unusual recipes to create Instagram-friendly dishes" than others, leading to increased food waste. "I hate it like a huge pile of seven burgers photographed just for likes. Are they going to just throw that away now?"(英国连锁超市Sainsbury今年早些时候进行了一项研究，该研究发表在《卫报》上。研究发现，在接受调查的18至34岁人群中，55%的人比其他人更有可能“尝试不同寻常的食谱，制作出能在ins上分享的菜肴”，导致了更多的食物浪费。“我讨厌看到一大堆七个汉堡堆在一起，只是为了点赞而拍的照片。他们现在就打算把这些东西扔了吗？”)”可推知，仅仅为了点赞而在社交媒体上发布食物照片可能会造成食物浪费。故选B。
B
According to a new review of research about good moods（心情）and physical activity, people who work out even once a week or for as little as 10 minutes a day tend to be more cheerful than those who never exercise. And any type of exercise may be helpful.
The idea that moving can affect our moods is not new. A number of past studies have noted that physically active people have much lower risks of developing anxiety than people who rarely move. But that research centered on the relationship between exercise and mental problems. Fewer past studies explored links between physical activity and positive emotions, especially in people who already were mentally healthy, and those studies often looked at a single age group or type of exercise.
So for the new review, researchers at the University of Michigan decided to collect and analyze various past studies of working out and happiness. They began by combing research databases for relevant studies. Most of those were observational, meaning that the scientists simply looked at a group of people, asking them how much they worked out and how happy they were. A few of the studies were experiments in which people started exercising and researchers measured their happiness before and after. The number of participants（参与者）in any one study was often small, but together, they represented more than 500,000 people ranging in age from teenagers to the old.
For most of them, the Michigan researchers found, exercise was strongly linked to happiness. Every one of the observational studies showed a beneficial relationship between being physically active and being happy. The type of exercise did not seem to matter. And the amount of exercise needed to influence happiness was slight（微小的）. In several studies, people who worked out only once or twice a week said they felt much happier than those who never exercised. In other studies, 10 minutes a day of physical activity was linked with cheerful moods.
4. Paragraph 2 mainly focuses on .
A. the benefits of working out B. the risks of developing anxiety
C. the effects of positive emotions D. the limitations of the past studies
5. How did the Michigan researchers carry out the new review of research?
A. By getting more age groups included in the research.
B. By recording the types and amounts of exercise people take.
C. By measuring participants9 happiness after they take exercise.
D. By gathering and analyzing past studies of exercise and happiness.
6. Which of the following is in line with the finding by the Michigan researchers?
A. Those who never exercise are more likely to suffer mental problems.
B. The type of exercise plays an important role in influencing happiness.
C. There is a strong connection between physical activity and good moods.
D. People working out daily feel happier than those exercising once a week.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，锻炼的类型似乎并不重要，但每周锻炼一次或每天只锻炼10分钟的人往往比从不锻炼的人更快乐。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Fewer past studies explored links between physical activity and positive emotions, especially in people who already were mentally healthy, and those studies often looked at a single age group or type of exercise.(过去很少有研究探索身体活动和积极情绪之间的联系，尤其是那些心理本来就健康的人，而且那些研究通常只关注单一的年龄组或运动类型。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要着重于以往研究的局限性。故选D。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So for the new review, researchers at the University of Michigan decided to collect and analyze various past studies of working out and happiness. (因此，在这篇新的综述中，密歇根大学的研究人员决定收集和分析过去有关锻炼和幸福的各种研究。)”可知，密歇根大学的研究人员通过收集和分析过去关于运动和幸福的研究进行新的研究综述的。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“According to a new review of research about good moods（心情）and physical activity, people who work out even once a week or for as little as 10 minutes a day tend to be more cheerful than those who never exercise.(根据一项关于好心情和体育锻炼的研究的最新综述，每周锻炼一次或每天只锻炼10分钟的人往往比从不锻炼的人更快乐。)”和第四段“For most of them, the Michigan researchers found, exercise was strongly linked to happiness. (密歇根大学的研究人员发现，对他们中的大多数人来说，锻炼与幸福感紧密相关。)”可推断，体育活动和好心情之间有很强的联系。故选C。
C
My dad passed away peacefully at home yesterday, surrounded by his family.
We are feeling grief but also gratitude. My dad's passing was not unexpected—he was 94 and his health had been failing—so we have all had a long time to reflect on just how lucky we are to have had this amazing man in our lives for so many years.
My dad had a great influence on my drive. When I was a kid, he never let me put very little effort into things I was good at, and he always pushed me to try things I hated. He modeled an amazing work ethic（道德准则）as one of the hardest-working and most respected lawyers in Seattle.
My dad's influence on our philanthropy（慈善行为）was just big. Throughout my childhood, he and my mom taught me by example what generosity looked like in how they used their time and resources. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation would not be what it is today without my dad. More than anyone else, he shaped the values of the foundation.
Finally, my dad had a positive influence on my most important roles—husband and father. When I am at my best, I know it is because of what I learned from my dad about respecting women and guiding children's choices with love and respect.
Dad wrote me a letter on my 50th birthday. "Over time," he wrote, “I have told you and others not to overuse the adjective 'incredible'. This is a word with huge meaning to be used only in extraordinary settings. What I want to say, here, is simply that the experience of being your father has been...incredible.”
I know he would not want me to overuse the word, but there is no danger of doing that now. The experience of being the son of Bill Gates was INCREDIBLE. People used to ask my dad if he was the real Bill Gates. The truth is, he was everything I try to be. I will miss him every day.
7. The underlined part “my drive” in paragraph 3 refers to .
A. my attitude to wealth B. my interest in what is around
C. my choice of work D. my effort to achieve something
8. Based on the text, which word can be used to describe the author's father?
A. Honest. B. Creative. C. Generous. D. Confident.
9. At the end of the text, the author implies that .
A. he regarded his father as his role model
B. his father developed a strict parenting style
C. people annoyed him by asking who the real Bill Gates was
D. the family were not allowed to use the adjective 66incrediblew
10. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To remember his beloved father.
B. To inform people of his father's death.
C. To reflect on his relationship with his father.
D. To explain how his father got on with the family.
【答案】7. D 8. C 9. A 10. A
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。作者的父亲去世了，作者发文表示对父亲的纪念。文中作者回忆了父亲对自己的巨大影响。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“When I was a kid, he never let me put very little effort into things I was good at, and he always pushed me to try things I hated. He modeled an amazing work ethic（道德准则）as one of the hardest-working and most respected lawyers in Seattle.”可知，当作者还是个孩子的时候，作者的父亲从不让作者在自己擅长的事情上付出一点点努力，他总是推动作者去尝试自己讨厌的事情。他是西雅图工作最努力、最受尊敬的律师之一，树立了令人惊叹的职业道德。由此可知，者的父亲以身作则，为作者树立了努力工作的榜样，并且推动作者努力去完成作者不喜欢的事情。结合选项，D选项“我为取得某种成就所付出的努力”可以表达此意。故选D。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Throughout my childhood, he and my mom taught me by example what generosity looked like in how they used their time and resources. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation would not be what it is today without my dad.”可知，作者的父亲和母亲为比尔和梅琳达·盖茨基金会做出了巨大贡献。从他们身上，作者明白了“慷慨”的概念。由此可知，作者的父亲致力于慈善事业，非常慷慨。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“People used to ask my dad if he was the real Bill Gates. The truth is, he was everything I try to be.”可知，作者想成为父亲那样的人。由此推知，作者的父亲是作者的榜样，所以作者也想成为像他那样的人。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段作者提到自己的父亲昨天去世了。从第二段开始，作者开始回忆父亲对自己各方面的影响，叙述父亲一生的所作所为和成就。最后一段作者提到自己也想成为像父亲那样的人。很明显，作者通过这篇文章，来纪念刚刚过世的父亲。故选A。
第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。
How to Write a Paragraph
Writing can seem like a challenge, but it doesn't have to be difficult! These suggestions will help you write a good paragraph in no time.
◆Planning Your Paragraph
Decide what the main topic of the paragraph is going to be. Before you begin writing your paragraph, you must have a clear idea of what the paragraph is going to be about.____11____Without a clear idea of what the main topic is, your paragraph will lack focus and unity.
___12___
Once you have a clearer idea of what you want to address in your paragraph, you can start organizing your thoughts by writing down your ideas. There's no need to write out full sentences. Just set down some key words and phrases.
Figure out how you want to structure your paragraph. Now that all of your thoughts, ideas, facts and figures are laid out clearly in front of you, you can start to think about how you want to structure your paragraph.____13____
◆Writing Your Paragraph
Write a topic sentence. The first sentence of your paragraph needs to be the topic sentence. A topic sentence is an introductory line that addresses what the main idea of the paragraph is going to be.____14____
Fill in the supporting details. Once you have written and are happy with your topic sentence, you can start to fill in the rest of your paragraph.____15____Make sure that each sentence connects with the next and that everything flows nicely as a whole.
Write a concluding sentence. The concluding sentence strengthens the idea outlined in your topic sentence and has all the weight of the evidence or arguments.
A. Write down information and ideas relating to that topic.
B. It should contain the most important point you wish to make about your topic.
C. To determine the exact topic of a paragraph, you should ask yourself some questions.
D. This is where the detailed, well-structured notes you wrote earlier will come in handy.
E. To achieve this, try to write clear, simple sentences that express what you want to say.
F. Consider each of the points you wish to make and try to arrange them in a proper order.
G. This is because a paragraph is basically a collection of sentences that all relate to one central topic.
【答案】11. G 12. A 13. F 14. B 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何写好一个段落的具体步骤。
【11题详解】
根据上文“Decide what the main topic of the paragraph is going to be. Before you begin writing your paragraph, you must have a clear idea of what the paragraph is going to be about.(决定这一段的主题是什么。在你开始写段落之前，你必须清楚地知道这一段要讲些什么)”以及后文“Without a clear idea of what the main topic is, your paragraph will lack focus and unity.(如果不清楚主题是什么，你的段落将缺乏重点和统一性)”可知，上文提出，开始写段落之前，你必须清楚地知道这一段要讲些什么，本句应承接上文，解释这么做的原因，G选项中one central topic与后文the main topic相对应，而且because 表明此处是对上文的解释，故G选项“这是因为一个段落基本上是与一个中心主题相关的句子的集合”符合语境，故选G。
【12题详解】
根据后文“Once you have a clearer idea of what you want to address in your paragraph, you can start organizing your thoughts by writing down your ideas. There's no need to write out full sentences. Just set down some key words and phrases.(一旦你对你想在段落中阐述的内容有了更清晰的概念，你就可以开始通过写下你的想法来组织你的想法。没有必要写出完整的句子。写下一些关键词和短语)”可知，本部分的中心内容是写下与主题相关的想法，A选项中Write down information and ideas可对应后文中writing down your ideas。故A选项“写下与该主题相关的信息和想法”符合语境，故选A。
【13题详解】
根据上文“Figure out how you want to structure your paragraph. Now that all of your thoughts, ideas, facts and figures are laid out clearly in front of you, you can start to think about how you want to structure your paragraph.(弄清楚你想如何组织你的段落。现在，你所有的想法、观点、事实和数据都清晰地呈现在你面前，你可以开始思考你想如何组织你的段落了)”可知，本段的主要内容是段落的组织问题，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明如何组织段落，故F选项“考虑你想要提出的每一点，并试着将它们按适当的顺序排列”符合语境，故选F。
【14题详解】
根据上文“Write a topic sentence. The first sentence of your paragraph needs to be the topic sentence. A topic sentence is an introductory line that addresses what the main idea of the paragraph is going to be.(写一个主题句。段落的第一句话必须是主题句。主题句是一个引子，介绍段落的主旨是什么)”可知，本段的主要内容是写主题句，且上文介绍了主题句的含义，故本句应承接上文，继续说明主题句应该包含哪些内容，B选项中It指代上文A topic sentence。故B选项“它应该包含你想对你的主题提出的最重要的观点”符合语境，故选B。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Fill in the supporting details. Once you have written and are happy with your topic sentence, you can start to fill in the rest of your paragraph.(填写支持细节。一旦你写完主题句并对主题句感到满意，你就可以开始填充段落的其余部分了)”以及后文“Make sure that each sentence connects with the next and that everything flows nicely as a whole.(确保每句话都与下一句相连，每句话都作为一个整体流畅地进行)”可知，本段的主要内容是写支持细节，故本句应承接上文说明如何写细节，或是可以借助的方法，故D选项“这就是你之前写的详细、结构良好的笔记派上用场的时候了”符合语境，故选D。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Yesterday afternoon I was in my studio working. I was chatting on the phone when something made me____16____. Out of the window, on the other side of the street, I saw my very elderly neighbor kneeling（跪下）in the grass, his ____17____beside him. "I've got to go," I said to my friend, think something is wrong." So I____18____downstairs, out my front door and____19____the street.
"He was taking a____20____, and he tripped（绊倒）on the pavement," the caregiver said. "I can't____21____him on my own." My neighbor is a____22____man, so I ran back home and got my husband! Together we were able to get him____23____, but he couldn’t walk.____24____, a woman bicycled by and asked if we needed_____25_____! She got a lawn chair from my front porch and we got my neighbor_____26_____. After resting for a few_____27_____, we were able to help him_____28_____the house. "I don't know what I would have done_____29_____you hadn't rushed over to help. I was all_____30_____ his caregiver said.
So here's what I've been_____31_____since yesterday afternoon: Help your_____32_____. Look up from what you are doing, and look around for who you can help. It may not be as_____33_____as it was in this case, but there's always help you can_____34_____. You can give help to your neighbor across the street, or the person standing beside you. They are all your neighbors. Your_____35_____will be appreciated.
16. A. look down B. look back C. look up D. look on
17. A. caregiver B. adviser C. assistant D. wife
18. A. climbed B. slid C. jumped D. ran
19. A. over B. across C. along D. through
20. A. ride B. walk C. bus D. taxi
21. A. catch B. comfort C. lift D. push
22. A. great B. large C. weak D. slim
23. A. standing B. speaking C. lying D. jogging
24. A. Strangely B. Luckily C. Surprisingly D. Hopefully
25. A. help B. care C. exercise D. credit
26. A. protected B. changed C. seated D. tracked
27. A. hours B. seconds C. minutes D. days
28. A. break into B. slip into C. check into D. get into
29. A. unless B. until C. though D. if
30. A. alone B. amazed C. awake D. annoyed
31. A. arguing about B. thinking about C. complaining about D. talking about
32. A. neighbor B. customer C. friend D. relative
33. A. obvious B. important C. formal D. powerful
34. A. seek B. receive C. recommend D. offer
35. A. honesty B. wisdom C. kindness D. responsibility
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. B 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者帮助邻居的一次经历，并呼吁人们要尽自己所能帮助邻居，帮助身边的人。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正在打电话聊天，突然有什么东西使我抬起头来。A. look down俯视；B. look back回顾；C. look up抬头看；D. look on观看。根据下文“Out of the window, on the other side of the street, I saw my very elderly neighbor kneeling in the grass, his ____2____beside him.”可知，作者打电话的时候抬头向窗外看。故选C项。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从窗外，在街道的另一边，我看到我年迈的邻居跪在草地上，他的看护者在他身边。A. caregiver看护者；B. adviser顾问；C. assistant助手；D. wife妻子。根据下文“"He was taking a____5____, and he tripped on the pavement,"the caregiver said.”可知，在老人身边有一个看护者。故选A项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我跑下楼，走出前门，穿过马路。A. climbed爬；B. slid滑动；C. jumped跳；D. ran跑。作者看到马路对面出事后，跑下楼去。故选D项。
【19题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：于是我跑下楼，走出前门，穿过马路。A. over在……上方；B. across穿过；C. along沿着；D. through通过。根据上文“Out of the window, on the other side of the street, I saw my very elderly neighbor kneeling in the grass, his ____2____beside him.”可知，出事的邻居在马路对面，作者需要穿过马路。故选B项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他在散步时，在人行道上绊了一跤，”看护者说。A. ride交通工具；B. walk散步；C. bus公交；D. taxi出租车。根据“"He was taking a____5____, and he tripped on the pavement,"the caregiver said.”可知，老人是散步时摔倒的。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一个人抬不动他。A. catch抓；B. comfort安慰；C. lift举起；D. push推。根据上文“Out of the window, on the other side of the street, I saw my very elderly neighbor kneeling in the grass, his ____2____beside him.”可知，老人的看护者无法将老人抬起。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的邻居是个大个子，所以我跑回家找到了我的丈夫！A. great棒的；B. large大的；C. weak虚弱的；D. slim瘦的。根据上文“I can't____6____him on my own.”以及“My neighbor is a____7____man, so I ran back home and got my husband!”可推测，老人是个大个子。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一起让他站起来，但他不能走路。A. standing站；B. speaking说；C. lying躺；D. jogging慢跑。看护者、作者以及作者的丈夫将老人从地上扶起来，可以站立但是不能走路。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一位妇女骑着自行车经过，问我们是否需要帮助。A. Strangely奇妙地；B. Luckily幸运的是；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Hopefully但愿。一个骑着自行车的妇女愿意帮助作者他们将老人送进屋，作者感到很幸运。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一位女士骑车经过，问我们是否需要帮助！A. help帮助；B. care照顾；C. exercise训练；D. credit信誉。根据下文“ She got a lawn chair from my front porch and we got my neighbor____11____.”可知，路过的女士问作者他们是否需要帮助。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从我的前廊拿了一把草坪椅，我们让我的邻居坐下。A. protected保护；B. changed改变；C. seated坐下；D. tracked追踪。根据下文“After resting for a few____12____, we were able to help him____13____the house.”可知，在一群人的帮助下，邻居老人坐了下来。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：休息了几分钟后，我们帮他进了屋子。A. hours小时；B. seconds秒；C. minutes分钟；D. days天。老人休息了几分钟后，可以在帮助下进屋子了。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：休息了几分钟后，我们帮他进了屋子。A. break into闯入；B. slip into溜进；C. check into深入调查；D. get into进入。在一群人的帮助下，老人回到了家中。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果不是你跑过来帮忙，我真不知道该怎么办。A. unless除非；B. until直到……才；C. though尽管；D. if如果。根据上文“Out of the window, on the other side of the street, I saw my very elderly neighbor kneeling in the grass, his ____2____beside him.”可知，如果没有邻居的帮忙，老人的看护者会手足无措。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是独自一人。A. alone独自一人的；B. amazed吃惊的；C. awake醒着的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据上文“I can't____6____him on my own.”可知，老人的看护者是独自一人。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：所以从昨天下午开始我就一直在想:帮助你的邻居。A. arguing about讨论；B. thinking about想；C. complaining about抱怨；D. talking about谈论。根据下文“Look up from what you are doing, and look around for who you can help.”可知，作者在思考帮助邻居这件事。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以从昨天下午开始我就一直在想:帮助你的邻居。A. neighbor邻居；B. customer顾客；C. friend朋友；D. relative亲戚。根据下文“You can give help to your neighbor across the street, or the person standing beside you. They are all your neighbors.”可知，作者一直在思考，帮助自己身边的人，即邻居。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这可能不像在这个案例中那么明显，但你总能提供帮助。A. obvious明显的；B. important重要的；C. formal正式的；D. powerful强大的。虽然提供的帮助可能不如作者这次经历的事情明显，但依旧可以提供帮助。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可能不像在这个案例中那么明显，但你总能提供帮助。A. seek寻找；B. receive接到；C. recommend推荐；D. offer提供。根据上文“You can give help to your neighbor across the street, or the person standing beside you.”可知，每个人总是可以向邻居提供帮助的。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的好意将不胜感激。A. honesty诚实；B. wisdom才智；C. kindness好意；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“You can give help to your neighbor across the street, or the person standing beside you.”可知，帮助邻居是个人的好意，这种好意将会被感激。故选C项。
第二节(共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you remember a time when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good night's rest?____36____(fortunate), your happy childhood is probably a thing of the past.
A recent survey has found that many people suffer____37____sleep problems. Some are unable to fall____38____(sleep), some wake up in the middle of the night, and others simply do not get enough sleep. One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night's sleep____39____(be) pressure from school or work. Noise pollution and light pollution in big____40____(city) may also contribute to sleep problems. In the short term, people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble____41____(concentrate). In the long term, they may be at increased risk of having ____42____poor memory, being overweight and suffering a heart attack. Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers. They are still growing, and night is the time when____43____(they) bodies grow faster. Teenagers who do not get enough sleep may experience situations____44____body development slows down, and their health suffers.
So, if you have a sleep problem, it might be time_____45_____ (make) some changes in your lifestyle.
【答案】36. Unfortunately
37. from 38. asleep
39. is 40. cities
41. concentrating
42. a 43. their
44. where 45. to make
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章分析了导致人们睡眠问题的原因和睡眠不好可能引发的问题。
36题详解】
考查副词。句意：不幸的是，你快乐的童年可能已经成为过去了。“快乐的童年成为过去”是一件不幸的事情，且该空修饰整个句子，应该用副词。故填Unfortunately。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：最近的一个调查发现很多人都患有睡眠问题。suffer常和from搭配，表示“患有……疾病，遭受……之苦”。故填from。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一些人不能够入睡。fall asleep是固定短语，意为“入睡”。其中，asleep是形容词，作表语。故填asleep。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人们不能睡个好觉的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。该句是对人们不能睡个好觉的客观分析，应用一般现在时态。且主语是one，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题。city是可数名词，大城市不止一个，前面无冠词，应用名词复数形式。故填cities。
【41题详解】
考查动名词。句意：在短期内，有睡眠问题的人通常会感到疲劳，难以集中注意力。have trouble (in) doing sth.是固定句式，意为“做某事困难”，in后面接动名词作宾语，故填concentrating。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：从长远来看，他们记忆力差、超重和患心脏病的风险可能会增加。memory是可数名词，常和不定冠词a连用。a good memory意为“好的记忆力”。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们还在生长，而夜晚是他们的身体生长得更快的时候。该空修饰bodies，应用形容词性物主代词，表示“他们的”，故填their。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：睡眠不足的青少年可能会经历身体发育迟缓和健康受损的情况。________ body development slows down, and their health suffers是定语从句，修饰situations，关系词在从句中作抽象地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以，如果你有睡眠问题，可能是时候改变你的生活方式了。该题考查固定句式：It is time to do sth.（到了该做某事的时候了）。it是形式主语，to do是真正的主语。故填to make。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：句子翻译(共5句；每句3分，满分15分)
按给出的中文意思，用括号内所给的英语，翻译下列句子。
46. 公交车司机对乘客的安全负有责任。(be responsible for) (汉译英）
【答案】Bus drivers are responsible for their passengers' safety
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句子主语为bus drivers；表示“对……负有责任”短语为be responsible for；后跟名词safety，作宾语，由their passengers'修饰。结合语境，应用一般现在时。故翻译为Bus drivers are responsible for their passengers' safety.
47. 由于地震，这座大桥正处于坍塌的危险之中。(fall apart) (汉译英）
【答案】Due to the earthquake, the bridge is in danger of falling apart.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、介词短语、动名词和动词短语。表示“由于……”，可用due to n.。表示“处于……危险中”，应用in dange of ...。表示“坍塌”，应用动词短语fall apart。且fall apart作in danger of的宾语，应用动名词形式。根据句意，该句应用一般现在时态。故翻译为：Due to the earthquake, the bridge is in danger of falling apart。
48. 这道门只能在紧急情况下使用。(emergency) (汉译英）
【答案】This door should only be used in an emergency.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语和被动语态。句子主语为名词this door，表示“使用”应用动词use作谓语，与主语door构成被动关系，用被动语态，且should后跟动词原形；表示“在紧急情况下”短语为in an emergency。故翻译为This door should only be used in an emergency.
49. 科学家们正在努力寻找有效的解决方法以阻止疾病的蔓延。(solution; prevent) (汉译英）
【答案】Scientists are trying/working hard to find an effective solution to prevent the spread of the disease/prevent the disease from spreading（being spread）.
To prevent the spread of the disease/prevent the disease from spreading（being spread）, scientists are trying/ working hard to find an effective solution.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词、名词、动词和固定句型。根据句意，“科学家们正在努力寻找有效的解决方法”是主句。该句应用现在进行时态。表示“解决方法”，应用名词solution。“以阻止疾病的蔓延”是目的状语，应用动词不定式表示。表示“阻止某人做某事”，应用prevent sb. from doing sth.。表示“蔓延”，应用动词spread。故翻译为：Scientists are trying/working hard to find an effective solution to prevent the spread of the disease/prevent the disease from spreading（being spread）或To prevent the spread of the disease/prevent the disease from spreading (being spread), scientists are trying/ working hard to find an effective solution。
50. 这个小岛是一个极佳的度假圣地，它每年吸引近百万名游客。(destination; which) (汉译英）
【答案】This small island is a perfect holiday destination, which attracts nearly one million tourists every year.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态、主谓一致和定语从句。主句为主系表结构。陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时。“它每年吸引近百万名游客”用非限定性定语从句表达，句中先行词为a perfect holiday destination，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。且先行词为单数形式，所以从句中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据句意，故翻译为This small island is a perfect holiday destination, which attracts nearly one million tourists every year.
第二节：应用文写作（满分25分）
51. 假定你是李华，你校将举办为期十天的中国文化体验营（Chinese Culture Camp），请你写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Emily参加该活动。内容包括：
1.发出邀请；
2.介绍活动安排（时间、地点、内容等）；
3.表达期待。
注意：
1.词数：80词左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Dear Emily
I'm writing to invite you to attend the Chinese Culture Camp to be organized in our school.
It will last ten days, from February 2nd to 11th. During camping, you'll listen to a series of lectures on Chinese culture, explore the local culture of our city, and even have hands-on experience of the Chinese calligraphy, folk music, paper-cutting, etc.
If you want to know more about it, you can visit our school website. I really hope you can participate.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Emily参加为期十天的中国文化体验营活动。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般将来时,少量一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.发出邀请；
2.介绍活动安排（时间、地点、内容等）；
3.表达期待。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
invite sb to；a series of；hands-on；know more about
第三步：连词成句
1. I'm writing to invite you to attend the Chinese Culture Camp to be organized in our school.
2. During camping, you'll listen to a series of lectures on Chinese culture, explore the local culture of our city, and even have hands-on experience of the Chinese calligraphy, folk music, paper-cutting, etc.
3. If you want to know more about it you can visit our school website. I really hope you can participate.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although clause(从句), In spite of n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1]：I'm writing to invite you to attend the Chinese Culture Camp to be organized in our school.这句话运用了动词不定式作后置定语。
[高分句型2]：I really hope you can participate.这句话运用了hope 宾语从句。
[高分句型3]：If you want to know more about it, you can visit our school website. 这句话运用了if引导的条件状语从句。
