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dam n.水坝。
〔辨析〕主要指在河面上建起的特殊屏障，尤用来蓄水、发电等。
〔例证〕A huge dam has been built on the Yangtze River.
长江上建起了一个大型水坝。
The dam was not strong enough to hold the floodwaters.
水坝不够坚固，抵挡不住洪水。
bank n.堤，岸。
〔辨析〕主要指河流沿岸的土地或高出水面的斜坡。
〔例证〕The banks of the river are covered by grass.河两岸长满了草。
Many people live along the banks of the Nile.很多人生活在尼罗河两岸。
barrage n.堰堤，拦河坝。
〔辨析〕主要指在河面上建起的用来防洪或浇灌农田的土坝或石坝。
〔例证〕We have built a barrage across the river to provide water for farming.我们在河上建造了一个水坝作农田灌溉之用。
The newly built barrage has benefited the whole village.
新建的拦河坝让整个村庄受益。
dike（亦作dyke）n.堰，堤，坝。
〔辨析〕修筑于河、湖、海的某处，主要用来防止水患。
（例证）The dikes are strong enough to prevent floods.
河堤非常坚固，足以防止洪水泛滥。
