通过对小说中主要人物形象的分析，可以看出，拉斯柯尔尼科夫作为小说的主人公，是作者对现实中普通人的一种具体化和象征化，他的罪恶和惩罚表达了人性中的黑暗面和错误选择，也揭示了人性中的美好和正义之所在。
而史密特卡洛夫、看守、玛尔茨等人物形象，则为主题的表达和拉斯柯尔尼科夫的形象塑造做出了重要的贡献，同时也突出了小说中对爱和仁慈的重要主题。
总的来说，陀思妥耶夫斯基在《罪与罚》中通过拉斯柯尔尼科夫的罪恶和惩罚，深刻探究了人性的本质和意义，表达了对人类内心的深刻关注和呼唤。
小说通过对人物形象的刻画和主题的表达，呼吁人类更加重视道德与良知的重要性，更加关注人类内心的真正需要，为当代读者提供了一个深刻的思想和精神启示。
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