绝大多数同位语从句由that引导,只有have no idea(不知道)后可跟由wh-词引导的同位语从句。
①I have no idea whether he will work hard.
我不直到他是否会努力学习。(同位)
②I have no idea who he is.
我不知道他是谁。(同位)
注:I have no idea在意思上相当于I don't know.
但是I don't know who he is. 中who he is 不再是同位语从句,而是宾语从句。
2 表因果的表语从句
①This is because…这是因为……(表从)
This is why…这就是为什么……(表从)
②The reason why sb. did sth. … is that …
某人做某事的原因是……(表从)
例句:
①He was late. This is because he missed the early bus.
他迟到了,这是因为他错过了早班车。(后句表原因)
②He missed the early bus. This is why he was late.
他错过了早班车,这就是他为什么迟到。(后句表结果)
③The reason why he was late is that he missed the early bus.
他迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。(前句why he was late为定语从句)
3 特殊结构的名词性从句
①感叹句变成的名从
You can't imagine what a mistake I made.
你无法想象我犯了多大一个错误。名从来自于What a (big) mistake I made.(感叹句)
You can't imagine what mistake I made.
你想象不出我犯了什么错误。名从来自于 What mistake did I make?(特殊疑问句)
② wh-词 to do构成的名从
I don't know what (I am) to do next.
我不知道下一步要做什么。(省略了名词性从句中的主语和be)
How(we are) to repair it is not mentioned in the instructions.
说明书里没提到如何维修。(省略了名词性从句中的主语和be)
③wh-词 ever引导的名从
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
任何违反法律的人应该被惩罚。(whoever=anyone who, 没有疑问义,泛指)
4 It作形式主语 主语从句
1adj. It is adj. 主从
It ispossible/likely/probable that 有可能……
2n. It is n. 主从
①It is a pity that 很遗憾……
②It is no wonder that 难怪……
3vi. It 不及物动词 主从
①It seems that 似乎……
②It happens that 碰巧……
③It strikes/occurs to sb.that 某人突然想到……
4-ed It is 过去分词 主从
①It is said that 据说……
②It is reported that 据报道……
③It is known to all that 众所周知……
④It iswidely/generally/universally thought/believed/acknowledged that 人们普遍认为……
至此,名词性从句所有相关用法已经讲完了,有什么问题和建议请在文后留言。下文中我会讲定语从句。感谢每一位的关注鼓励。
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