初三的英语语法归纳,初中三年英语语法归纳大全

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初三的英语语法归纳,初中三年英语语法归纳大全(1)

  1. 一般现在时:经常或习惯性的动作或者状态

结构:主语 动词原形/动词现三单形式 宾语

I like apples 我喜欢苹果 He likes apples 他喜欢苹果

标志词:everyday 每天,usually 通常,always 一直,sometimes 有时,often经常

动词现三单变化的规则:

  1. 一般 s ,例如:play---plays

  1. 以sh,ch,x,s 结尾加es,例如;wash—washes ,fix---fixes,pass---passes,catch---catches

  1. 以辅音 y 结尾,去掉y ies,例如:study ---studies

2,一般过去时:过去经常或者习惯性的动作或状态

结构:动词过去式 宾语

标志词:yesterday(昨天),last 时间(上一个。。),just now (刚才),ago(以前)

I played football yesterday 我昨天踢足球

初三的英语语法归纳,初中三年英语语法归纳大全(2)

动词过去式的变化规则:

  1. 一般 ed, play –played

  1. 以辅音字母 y结尾,去掉 y 为ied, study—studied

  1. 以重读闭音节结尾,双鞋最后一个辅音字母节加ed(三明治结尾),stop—stopped

  1. 以不发音的e结尾 d ,move—moved

  1. 不规则动词过去式表格:

3,现在进行时:此时此刻正在进行的动作或者状态

结构:Be(am,is ,are) 动词ing(现在分词)

标志词:now(现在),at the moment(此刻),at once (立刻),right away(立刻)

He is reading ,now 他现在正在阅读

初三的英语语法归纳,初中三年英语语法归纳大全(3)

现在分词(动词ing)的变化规则

  1. 一般 ing,play—playing

  1. 以不发音e 结尾,去掉e ing, ride---riding

3,以重读闭音节结尾(三明治结尾),双鞋最后一个辅音字母 ing, stop—stopping

  1. 以ie结尾,改为y ing,例如:lie—lying ,die—dying,tie—tying,

  1. 一般将来时:将要发生的动作或者状态

结构: will/ shall(第一人称疑问句) 动词原形

Be going to 动词原形

标志词:tomorrow 明天,next 时间(下一个。。。),in 时间段(在。。。之后),following 时间(接下来的。。。)

I will go to school tomorrow 我将要明天去上学

Shall I go to school tomorrow 我明天将要去上学?

Shall we go shopping tomorrow ?我们明天将要去购物?

I am going to play football next week 我下周将要去踢足球

5,过去进行时:过去某时,某段时间正在进行的动作或者状态

结构:Be(were,was) 动词ing(动词现在分词)

标志词:at that moment 在那个时刻, at seven yesterday evening 昨天晚上七点(过去某个时刻),

He was reading books at that moment 在那个时刻,他正在读书

  1. 现在完成时:过去的动作,对现在造成的影响

结构:have /has 动词过去分词

标志词: already 已经(肯定句),yet,还没有(否定句,疑问句),never从不,ever曾经,for 时间段,完成时 since 过去时,

I have already finished my work我已经完成了我的工作

过去我分词的常规变化和过去式是一样的。

7,过去完成时:过去的过去发生的动作,对过去发生的影响

结构:had 动词过去分词

标志词:by the time 在。。。之前,其他的标志词和现在完成时一样

By the time I got there ,The car had gone 在我到达那里之前,小汽车已经离开了

8,过去将来时:过去将来时:过去对将来的打算

结构:would 动词原形,were 宾语

例如:I would help you, if I were (过去将来时里,没有was形式,因为是一个比拟,猜测)a rich man。如果我是一个有钱人,我会帮助你的

If I had done it ,I would be successful 如果我已经做到了,我将会成功

9,被动语态:Be done (动词过去分词)

一般现在时:am/is/are done(动词过去分词) It is played

一般过去时:was/were done(动词过去分词) It was played

一般将来时: will be done(动词过去分词) It will be played

Be going to be done (动词过去分词),It is going to be played

现在进行时:Be(am/is/are) being done(动词过去分词) It is being played

过去进行时:Be(was/were) being done(动词过去分词) ,It was being played

现在完成时:have/has been done(动词过去分词) ,It has been played

过去完成时:had been done(动词过去分词) It had been played

过去将来时: would be done(动词过去分词), It would be played

情态动词:情态动词 be done(动词过去分词) It can be played

  1. 宾语从句:从句在复合句中做宾语,(连接词通常在动词后面),

I know that you are right 我知道你是对的

I don’t know if you are right 我不知道你是否是正确的

I want to know where I can find the bookstore 我想要知道我在哪里能找到书店

I want to know when I can go to school 我想要知道什么时候我能去上学

I don’t know which one is yours 我不知道哪一个是你的

I want to know what it is 我想要知道它是什么

I want to know who he is我想要知道他是谁

He didn’t know the earth is round 他不知道地球是圆的(事实真理,时态要用一般现在时)

I wanted to know how you got it 我想要知道你是如何得到它的。

,11,情态动词的用法

Must he do it ?他必须做? Yes, he must 是的,他必须,No,he needn’t 不,他不需要,=No,he doesn’t have to

Maybe (句首),may be (句中)也许

Maybe you are right 也许你是对的。 You may be right 你也许是对的

May I hug him ?我能拥抱他么?Yes ,he can 是的,他能,No,he can’t 不,他不能

Could you give me a pen =Can you give me a pen ?你能给我一支钢笔么?

Imight(may的过去式)help you 我有可能帮助你

,12,定语从句:从句在复合句中充当定语

  1. 连接词:人用(who),whom(宾语),(连接词替代从句中的内容),

物用which(主语和宾语),that用在人和物,宾语全部要省略

不定代词和最高级在修饰先行词时,必须用that

Whose 用在定语时,后面是名词,地点出现介词 名词(介宾结构)要用where

时间出现介词 名词(介宾结构)要用when

I see a man who is tall 我看见一个高高的男人

I see a man whom /that(省略) you are talking with 我看见一个和你聊天的男人

I see a table that /which is clean我看见一张干净的桌子。

I see a table which/that(省略) you are cleaning 我看见一张你在清扫的桌子

I know a school which/that(省略) you visited last year 我知道一个你去年拜访过的学校

You visited the school

主谓宾

The only thing that you have to do is reading 你不得不做得唯一一件事情就是阅读

The best man that is tall can speak English 那个高高的男人能说英语

I know a school where you studied 我知道一个你学习过的学校

=I know a school in which you studied

You studied in the school

主语谓语(状语,介词加名词,介宾结构)

I know a day when we met =I know a day on which we met 我知道我们相遇的一天

We met on the day

主语谓语(状语,介词加名词,介宾结构)

13,动词不定式:

It is good to speak English 说英语是很好的

(主语)

My work is to help you我的工作就是去帮助你

(表语)

I want to help you我想要帮助你

(宾语)

I ask you to read books 我叫你去阅读书籍

(补语)

I have something to eat我有一些吃的东西

(定语)

,14,动名词

Reading is good for us阅读对我们是很好的

(主语)

My work is reading,now我的工作现在就是阅读书籍

(表语)

I stop watching TV我停止观看电视

(宾语)

It is an exciting movie 它是一部令人兴奋的电影

(定语)

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