wish引导虚拟语气,wish后的虚拟语气有几种

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一、当我们想要描述对某事的一个愿望时,希望它与现在的或是过去的样子不一样时,最直接的方法是使用虚拟语气,可以用单词 wish 来构造这样的句子。具体方法是把句中谓语动词的时态往过去挪一个时态,例如:

1、一般现在时->一般过去时

情况:It’s Monday. I have to go to work.

今天是星期一。我得去上班了。

愿望:I wish it weren't Monday. I wish I didn't have to go to work.

我希望今天不是星期一。我真希望我不用去上班。

解析:此句中有的人更倾向于用 it wasn't,因为 it 是单数,但是在表达愿望的虚拟语气中,be 动词只用 were, 不管它前面的主语是单数还是复数,它是唯一一个不规则变形的单词,其他的动词要往过去挪一个时态,have to -> didn't have to.

情况:I can’t speak French, but would like to.

我不会说法语,但我想说。

愿望的表达方式:

I wish I spoke French.

我希望我说法语。

解析:此句把主要动词 speak 往过去挪一个时态 spoke.

I wish I could speak French.

我希望我能说法语。

解析:此句把情态动词 can 往过去挪一个时态 could.

2、现在进行时->过去进行时

情况:It is raining outside.

外面在下雨。

愿望:I wish it weren't raining.

我希望没有下雨。

解析:此句把 is 往过去挪一个时态 were.

3、现在完成时->过去完成时

情况:He has lived in New York City his whole life.

他一生都住在纽约市。

愿望:He wishes he had lived somewhere else at some point.

他希望他在某个时候住在别的地方。

解析:此句把 has 往过去挪一个时态 had.

4、现在完成进行时->过去完成进行时

情况:My assistant has been organizing the filing cabinet.

我的助手一直在整理文件柜。

愿望:I wish he had been working on something more important.

我希望他一直在做更重要的事情。

解析:此句把 has been 往过去挪一个时态 had been.

5、一般过去时->过去完成时

情况:I’ll miss my appointment because I left the house late.

我会错过约会的,因为我出门晚了。

愿望:I wish I had left the house earlier.

我真希望早点离开家。

解析:此句把 left 往过去挪一个时态 had left.

6、过去进行时->过去完成进行时

情况:I was living in Canada when I met you.

我遇见你的时候住在加拿大。

愿望:I wish I had been living in America when I met you.

我真希望我见到你时一直住在美国。

解析:此句把 was 往过去挪一个时态 had been.

7、过去完成时->过去完成时(没有更过去的时态)

情况:He had started smoking again.

他又开始抽烟了。

愿望:They all wished he hadn’t started smoking again.

他们都希望他不再抽烟。

解析:此句 had 没有可以往过去挪的时态 had.

8、过去完成进行时->过去完成进行时(没有更过去的时态)

情况:I had been working outside when you called.

你打电话的时候我一直在外面工作。

愿望:I wish I hadn’t been working outside when you called.

我希望你打电话的时候我没有在外面工作。

解析:此句 had been 没有可以往过去挪的时态 had been.

二、当表达对某人行为的一个愿望时,可以用 would 动词原形或只用动词的过去时,当用 would 更常见,例如:

情况:Your son is always leaving his clothes lying around the bedroom floor.

你儿子总是把衣服放在卧室地板上。

愿望的表达方式:

I wish he would pick up his clothes off the floor when I asked him to.

我希望他在我叫他的时候把衣服从地上捡起来。

I wish he picked up his clothes off the floor when I asked him to.

我希望他在我叫他的时候把衣服从地上捡起来。

情况:Your mother always whistles when she is in the house.

*妈在家时总是吹口哨。

愿望的表达方式:

I wish she wouldn’t whistle in the house like that.

我希望她不要在家里那样吹口哨。

I wish she didn’t whistle in the house like that.

我希望她不要在家里那样吹口哨。

wish引导虚拟语气,wish后的虚拟语气有几种(1)

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