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正文： 情态动词和虚词语气易错专题及语法知识复习
1.Since nobody gave him any help, he___ have done the research on his own.
A. can B. must C. would D. need
2. —What are you doing this Saturday? —I'm not sure, but I___ go to the Rolling Stones concert.
A. must B. would C. should D. might
3.I___ myself more—it was a perfect day.
A. shouldn't have enjoyed B. needn't have enjoyed C. wouldn't have enjoyed D. couldn't have enjoyed
4.When I was a child, I___ watch TV whenever I wanted to.
A. should B. could C. must D. need
5.I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said "Ni Hao", just as I___ do in China.
A. must B. might C. can D. should
6. —Happy birthday! —Thank you! It's the best present I___ for.
A. should have wished B. must have wished C. may have wished D. could have wished
7. ----You interrupt now? Can't you see I'm on the phone? -----Sorry Sir, but it's urgent
A. Can B. Should C. Must D. Would
8. I___ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
A. won't B. can't C. can D. will
9.—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. —How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone___ it.
A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen
10. The traffic is heavy these days. I arrive a bit late, so___ you save me a place?
A. can B. must C. need D. might
11.If we___ a table earlier, we wouldn't be standing here in a queue.
A. have booked B. booked C. book D. had booked
12. If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he___ able to speak it much better now.
A. will be B. would be C. has been D. would have been
14. Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam___at the age of six months old.
A. was B. be C. were D. is
15.—Do you think George has passed the driving test? —No. If so, he___ his car to our college yesterday.
A. would drive B. drove C. would have driven D. had driven
16.I should not have laughed if I___ you were serious.
A. thought B. would think C. had thought D. have thought
17.My mom suggests that we___ eat out for a change this weekend.
A. should B. might C. could D. would
18. Don't handle the vase as if it___ made of steel.
A. is B. were C. has been D. had been
19.Had they known what was coming next, they___ second thoughts.
A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had
20. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we___ more places of interest yesterday.
A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited
21.Maybe if I___ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying
22.I___ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come
23. This printer is of good quality. If it break down within the first year, we___repair it at our expense.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
24. —The weather has been very hot and dry. —Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables___ .
A. wouldn't die B. didn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died
25. If John hadn't lost his job last month, he___ abroad for a business conference next week.
A. would go B. will go C. will have gone D. would have gone
26. But for the pouring rain, we___ a pleasant journey last weekend.
A. should have B. would have C. must have had D. could have had
27.It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you___ it.
A. needn't do B. shouldn't do C. mustn't have done D. didn't have to do
28.—You must be looking forward to your trip back to Sydney. —Yes. I___ wait any longer.
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
29.—I___ have turned on the air conditioner at such a low temperature. —No wonder you've got a cold.
A. shouldn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't
30. If you had brought your swimsuit with you, we___ swimming in the lake now.
A. could go B. could have gone C. can go D. have gone
31. Thank you, Jack. Without your constant support I___ those hard times.
A. couldn't have pulled through B. couldn't pull through C. can't have pulled through D. can't pull through
32. The house was in such a mess—it looked as though___ a bomb on it.
A. dropped B. had dropped C. would drop D. would have dropped
33. —Could you please have my car ready today? —Sure, the damage is not that serious, so it___ be ready by 5: 00 pm.
A. should B. could C. might D. need
34.___ the picture of the popular singer, I would show it to you right now.
A. I had taken B. Did I take C. Had I taken D. I took
35.I wish that I to go to Jim's party, for I have to do some extra work tonight.
A. hadn't agreed B. haven't agreed C. wouldn't agree D. won't agree
36.—Will my son be all right soon, doctor? —Well, he ______be, if he takes these tablets.
A. may B. must C. should D. can
37. it___ rain, the crops would be saved.
A. Will B. Should C. Would D. Could
情态动词复习
一、基本含义： 请划出例句中体现情态动词用法的部分，并把其用法总结在表格里。如第一个例句 已给出需划线的部分。
情态动词 用法 例句
can 1.表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。 be able to/ can,/could Can you lift this heavy box? 表示请求和允许 -----Can I go now? ----- Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用 could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更 委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。2. 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。 This hall can hold 500 people at least. 3.表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于 Can this be true? This cannot be your pen. 疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 He cannot have been to that town. "can/could have done"用于虚拟语气，本能 You could have come 5 minutes earlier. 够做某事而实际上并未做某事。4. Can 可以表示某人或某物一时的特点，可以翻译 It can be very warm in this area 。这个 为"有可能，有时会"。 地区有时可能非常暖和.5. 表示"经过努力才得以做成功某事" Be able to Although he can't swim, yet he was able to cross the river.
May/Might 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，
否定回答时可用can't ---- Yes, you can. (No, you can't / mustn't. ) 或mustn't，表示"不可以，禁止"。 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! Your mother may /might not know the 表示推测、可能性（表示此意时，不用于疑问句）。 might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。 truth. Without the heavy traffic, we might have caught the train. 习惯用法：may / might as well do "不妨" 习惯用法：may / might as well do "不妨" Must/ 表示必须、必要。在回答引出的问句时，如果是 ---- Must we hand in our exercise books have to today? 否定的，不能用mustn't（禁止，不准），而用 ---- Yes, you must. needn't, don't have to（不必）. ---- No, you don't have to / you needn't. must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调 I had to work when I was your age. 客观需要。 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句） Your mother must be waiting for you now. It must have rained yesterday, didn't it? "偏偏" We were going to see a movie, but it must rain yesterday.
dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和
dare, He daren't speak English before such a need crowd, dare he? 条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。---- Need I finish the work today? ---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. 在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。 ou needn't have waited for me. "needn't have done"表示虚拟语气，本不必 做某事而事实上却做了。
shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。 shall, What shall we do this evening? shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的You shall fail if you don't work hard. 命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
should, 表示"应该"，ought to表示义务或责任，比should I should help her because she is in trouble. ought to You ought to take care of the baby. 语气重。 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用， You should / ought to go to class right away. Should I open the window? 但在疑问句中常用should。 should表示主观推测，"估计""按道理应该" They should finish it by now. "should have done"用于虚拟语气，本应该 You should have arrived here 5 minutes earlier. 做某事而实际上并未做某事。 will表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。
Will / Would you pass me the ball, please? would will表示意志、愿望和决心。 I will never do that again. would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。 During the vacation, he would visit me every would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有 other day. "现已无此习惯"的含义。 would表示估计和猜想。 It would be about ten o'clock when she left home. "wouldn't have done"用于虚拟语气，本不会 做某事而实际上做了某事。
巩固性练习 (1) 1. Peter ____ be really difficult at times even though he's a nice person in general. A. shall B. should C. can D. must
2. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it ____ be rather cold sometimes. A. must B. can C. should D. would
3. ----The traffic is heavy these days. ----I ____ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place? A. can B. must C. need D. might 10 / 18
4. Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they ____just be quiet people. A. must B. may C. should D. would
5. –How's your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? --It ____ be, but it is now heavily polluted. A. will B. would C. should D. must
6. –When can I come for the computer? I need it next Tuesday. --It ____ be repaired by next Monday afternoon. A. can B. should C. might D. need
7. This printer is of good quality. If it ____ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might
8. You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ____ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. would
9.—What does the sign over there read? —"No person ____ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area." A. will B. may C. shall D. must
10. —The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job? — ____ my students have a try? A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. May
11. When we worked in the same office, we ____ often have coffee together. A. might B. should C. could D. would
12. Why ____ it rain on Sunday? We can't go camping as planned! What a pity! A. should B. can C. must D. may
虚拟语气 虚拟语气从结构上可分为两大类: 时态后退型与should型.
一. 时态后退型: 1. 基本结构：观察例句，总结if从句和主句中谓语动词的形式 1） If I had time, I would attend the meeting. 2） I would have been killed if I'd stayed in the truck. 3） If I were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off If条件句 主 句 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 不可能的假设 ________ ________ 与将来事实相反 可能的假设 ________ 上表中需注意几点： a. Be动词一律用were，不管人称的变化； b. 主句中的should通常用于第一人称，would / could可以用于各种人称； c. 在表示与将来事实相反的条件句中，只能用should； d. 表示错综时间的虚拟语气，指主句的动作和条件丛句的动作不是发生在同一时
间（如一个是过去发生的，一个是现在发生的）。这时，动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。 e.g. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. If he had listened to me, he would not be in such trouble now。 2．常用虚拟语气的句型 a. as if / though 过去时He treated me as if I were a stranger. 过去完成时 She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. b.. It's (high) time that 过去时 / should do （should不可省） . 过去时 I wish I knew the answer to the question. c.. wish 过去完成时 I wish (wished) I hadn't spent so much money. could / might / would do I wish it would stop raining. d. would rather 从句 (过去时/过去完成时) e. If only（用法=wish） 过去时 / 过去完成时/ could / might / would do
巩固性练习 (3) 1.Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _____your advice. A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow
2. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ____ round the earth. A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling
3. I'd rather you ____ at home now. A. stay B. stayed C. should stay D. had stayed 4. I wish you ____ to put these things away. A. Will help B. help C. are helping D. would help 5. Jill would rather we ______ now, but we must go to work.. A. not leave B. had not left C. didn't leave D. not to be left
二.should型: PAR DISCO 宾从 (should) do
1. P A R D I S C O propose ask request demand insist suggest command order prefer advise require desire instruct recommend e.g.: I demand that he (should) answer me immediately. 当suggest作"暗示、表明"讲，insist作"坚持说"讲，既坚持事实是怎样时，
后边that从句不用虚拟语气。 2. 由以上动词派生出的表`建议,命令,要求,观点'等意义的名词后的表语从句, 同位语从句也用虚拟式 (should) do P A R D I S C O proposal advice request demand idea suggestion order plan requirement opinion recommendation natural necessary strange surprising 3. It is important that S (should) do impossible funny proper right / wrong a pity / a regret/ a shame/ no wonder
.巩固练习(4)： 1.---- Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York? ---- I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 2. It is vital that we _____ act out at once to protect the environment. A. would B. should C. will D. can 3. John's pale face suggested that he ______ill, and his parents suggested that he ______a medical examination. A. be, should have B. was, have C. should be, had D. was, has
三、隐含条件句 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句，这需要细心体会。 1． 用介词短语替代条件句。常用的介词有with, without, but for, under, in等。 e.g. Without electricity (=If there were no electricity), human life would be quite different today. But for the storm (= If it had not been for the storm), we should have arrived. 2． 用副词或连词表示一种含蓄条件。 e.g. Jack can't have arrived yet; otherwise (= if he had arrived) he would have telephoned me. 3． 用分词短语或独立主格结构来代替条件句。 e.g. Meeting (= If we had met) anywhere else, we wouldn't have recognized each other. Everything taken into consideration (=If everything had been taken into consideration), they would have raised their output quickly.
巩固练习(5) 1. Zhang Lin was addicted to computer games during his last year in high school , otherwise he ____________a student of Beijing University .
A．would have been B．should be C．has been D．had been
2. ---Your sister nearly _______ all her spare time to her study during the three years. ----That's right， or she ________ the first place in her school in the College Entrance Examination.
A. devoted; wouldn't have taken B. spent; wouldn't have taken C. had devoted; hadn't taken D. had spent; couldn't take
3. But for the leadership of our Party and our Government, we __________ these splendid results. A．have achieved B．shouldn't have achieved C．should have achieved D．would achieve
4. He the test, but he wasn't careful enough. A. could have passed B. were able to pass C. must have passed D. might be able to pass
5. —If I had been on my side of the road, you might have killed me. ---But you on your side of the road. A. hadn't been B. weren't C. didn't D. wouldn't
四、虚拟语气表委婉语气的句型 e.g. It would be better for you not to stay up too late. Would you be kind enough to show me the way? / Would you be so kind as to show me the way?
巩固练习(6)
1. I professor Jones had answered me this question. A. believe B. deeply think C. wish D. suppose
2. If I ____ you, I ____ very happy. A. were; would be B. am; shall be C. were; shall be D. am; would be
3. If it ____ tomorrow, the show would be put off. A. rains B. is raining C. had rained D. should rain
4. It is desirable that the plane as light as possible. A. was B. be C. is D. were
5. Had you listened to the doctor, you all right now. A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
6. If only I how to operate a computer as you do! A. had known B. would know C. should know D. knew
7. The order came that the medical supplies to the village without delay. A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent
8. What do you think of the that a meeting be held to discuss the tree planting programme? A. discussion B. suggestion C. opinion D. explanation
9.—It's many years since I last saw you. I didn't recognize you at first. --I , either, if someone hadn't called you by name. A. wouldn't have B. wouldn't C. didn't D. hadn't
10. It is necessary that a good worker ____ his work on time.
A. finished B. finish C. have to finish D. will finish
Keys:
巩固性练习 (1) 参考答案 1-5 CBDBC 6-10 BBCCA 11-12DC
巩固性练习 (2) 参考答案 1-5 CCCDA 6-10 DADBD 11-15 CDDCC 16-20 ADCCA 21-24 CBDA
巩固性练习 (3) 参考答案：1-5 CABDC
巩固练习(4) 参考答案：1-3 BBB
巩固练习(5) 参考答案：AABAB
巩固练习(6) 参考答案：1-5 CADBC 6-10 DCBAB
