such和so的用法,such和so的区别和用法口诀

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such和so的用法,such和so的区别和用法口诀(1)

1、其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much, little(little表示“小”时除外)连用,形成固定搭配。

so adj. such a(n) adj. n.

so adj. a(n) n. such adj n. (pl.)

so many/ few adj. n. (pl.)  such adj n. (pl.)

so much/ little adj. n. [u] such adj.(可省去) n. [u]

so foolish  such a fool

so nice a flower  such a nice flower

so many/ few flowers  such nice flowers

so much/little money. such rapid progress

so many people  such a lot of people(这个重要)

so many 已成固定搭配,a lot of 虽相当于 many,但 a lot of 为名词性的,只能用such搭配。

2、so…that与such…that之间的转换即为 so与such之间的转换.

so 形容词/副词 that.../ so 形容词 a(n) 名词单数 that.../so many(few) 名词复数 that.../so much(little) 不可数名词 that...

such a(n) 形容词 单数名词 that.../such 形容词 名词复数 that.../such 形容词 不可数名词 that...

The box costs so little that I can afford it.这个箱子很便宜,我买得起。

3、such...as...与such as 的区别

1).such...as...“像...一样的...”。其中such是形容词,后接名词;as可以作为连词或介词,作连词时可以引导定语从句,在从句中可以充当主语,宾语,表语。

Don't read such poems as you can't understand.

不要看你(你们)看不懂的诗歌。(as 作宾语)

2).such as 是复合连词/连词宾语,意为“诸如……的”,用来列举事物。

Poets such as Byron are rare。像拜伦这样的诗人是罕见的。

看一个试题:

I have never seen ______ little ants carry ________ much food before.

A. so, such B. such , so

C. so, so D. such , such

分析:little前面有时用so,有时用such,其区别是:

1. little 表示“小”(与“大”相对)时,前面用such,如:

such little boys, such little trees, such little cats… (通常修饰可数名词)

2. little 表示“少”(与“多”相对)时,前面用so,如:

so little time, so little sleep, so little money…(通常修饰不可数名词)

▲一个很经典的例句是:

Such little (小) animals can only eat so little (少) food.

▲另外,little单独使用时(其后不接名词时),只用so。如:

He knows so little about it. 此事他知道得很少。

Why did you let me down by doing so little? 你为什么干得这么少而让我失望呢?

such和so的用法,such和so的区别和用法口诀(2)

再回到上面的试题:

such little ants指如此小的蚂蚁们(little adj.小的,娇小的,小而可爱的)

如果相表示如此少的蚂蚁,则为so few ants

第二空填so,比较简单。整句为:I have never seen such little ants carry so much food. 我从来没有看见过如此小的蚂蚁搬运如此多的食物。

所以选B。

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