语法精析
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词引导定语从句。
常用的关系副词主要有where，when，why。
1．关系副词where
where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。常用in which，at which，on which等代替。
They are playing in the park where(＝in which) there are many flowers.
他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍。
The office where(＝at which) the girl works is not far from here.
这个女孩工作的办公室离这儿不远。
[疑难点津]
有一些先行词，如point，stage，position，case，condition等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需用where引导。
You reach a point in any project where you just want to get the thing finished.
从事任何项目你都会进入一种境界：一心想完成它。
We reached a stage where we had to answer violence with violence.
我们到了必须用暴力来对抗暴力的境地。
2．关系副词when
when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。常用on which，in which，at which，during which等代替。
There used to be a time when(＝during which) I hated going to school.
我有一段时间不愿意去上学。
I’ll never forget the day when(＝on which) I left for college with my father.
我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。
3．关系副词why
why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。
Can you explain the reason why(＝for which) you don’t help him?
你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？
Can you tell me the reason why you didn’t come to his birthday party?
你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？
[疑难点津]
表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语等时，则应用关系代词。试比较：
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)
Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语)
I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语)
I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us.
我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why)
配套练习
一.单句语法填空
1．Do you still remember the day __________ I first saw you?
2．This is the reason __________ I passed out that day.
3．I’ll never forget the day on __________ I was attacked by a shark.
4．The picture called up the days __________ we spent together.
5．You will get into a position __________ you have to decide immediately.
6．The reason __________ he explained at the meeting was not reasonable.
7．The basketball match is _______ (schedule) to be held in the new stadium next month.
8．It is reported that ________ large amount of money has been spent on the new bridge.
二.用定语从句完成句子
1．____________________ was that he was stuck in a traffic jam.
他上班迟到的原因是陷入了交通堵塞中。
2．This is the house ____________________ .
这是一位著名艺术家多年前住过的房子。
3．There was a time ____________________.
曾经有一段时间，女性被瞧不起。
4．____________________ is owned by my uncle.
那个种着玫瑰花的花园为我叔叔所有。
三.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1．This is the house __________ Shakespeare was born.
2．He didn’t tell me the reason __________ he was so excited.
3．He has written two novels，both of __________ have been made into television series.
4．Do you still remember the day __________ we met on the train for the first time?
5．They all lent a helping hand to the man __________ house had been burnt down.
6．This is the park in __________ we had a picnic last Sunday.
7．She is the person __________ you can turn to for help.
8．Do you still remember those days __________ we spent in that poor wooden house?
9．Give me a reason __________ is different from the one you gave last time.
10．This is the museum __________ we visited during our class trip.
四.单句写作(含定语从句)
1．我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的那一天。
_________________________________.
2．我仍然记得我父亲10年前工作的那个农场。
________________________________.
3．你知道她晕倒的原因吗？
________________________________?
4．正和我妈妈说话的那个人是位诗人。
______________________________.
5．我不喜欢你说话的方式。
______________________________.
