倒装句是中学英语语法重点，也是中高考试试题热点。其用法较为复杂。为了便于大家掌握记忆，我们总结归纳了以下“四个要点”和“三个口诀”。希望对大家学习与掌握这一知识有所帮助。
一，辨清结构就是要分清是全部倒装还是部分倒装。可用以下顺口溜帮助记忆：
(一)：
位置副词①there句②，全为句子保平衡③，neither/nor/so也如此④，上述全部倒着行。
说明：①②③④情况一般全部倒装。
①表示位置关系的副词(如here，there，out, in, up, down, away等)开头的句型。例如：
Out rushed the soldiers.
②there开头的固定倒装句型。例如：
There goes the bell.
③为了保持句子平衡，或强调表语或状语时，一般用全部倒装。例如：
Nearby were two canoes in which They had come to the island.
④“so/neither/nor 助动词 主语”句型。例如：
He has never been to New York, neither have l.
(二)：
部分倒装要记清。
位置副词主人称⑤。
Only⑥/否定词⑦放句首,
让步⑧/虚拟⑨有感情⑩。
说明：⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩情况下一般用部分倒装。
⑤当表位置关系的副词开头的句子主语是人称代词时，用部分倒装。如：Here you are.
⑥only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句用于句首时。如：
Only in this way cAn you learn from the mistakes.
⑦表示否定意义的副词和连词(如no，not，never，little, hardly等)用于句首时，用部分倒装结构。例如：
Not a single mistake did He make.
⑧让步状语从句常用部分倒装。如：
Proud As there nobles are, They dare not
see me.
⑨含有were, had , should的虚拟条件句，常用部分倒装而把if省略。例如：
Had l had a knife , l would have lent It to you.
⑩感叹句用部分倒装。如：
What good news It is！
二，记牢引词就是要记住那些常用副词和连词常能引起倒装结构。中学教材中常用到：
9N①2S②和Only，还有little/hardly。
说明：
①9N指：not/no/neither/never/nor/Not until.../Not only......but also/no sooner...than.../no matter...
②2S指：so/seldom
注意位置就是要注意在复合句或并列句中，要在何处倒装。可用下列口诀帮助记忆：
onⅠy/NU主倒装①，NB前句也一样②，
NM前后不用管③，NN前后全倒装④。
说明：
①Only 状语从句和Not untiⅠ 状语从句位于句首时，只有主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：
Only when he told me did l know it.
Not until lbegan to work did l realize how
much time l had wasted.
②Not only...but also...引导的并列词。
当Not onⅠy位于句首时，前一个分句倒装。如：
Not only did he come, but also he was very happy.
③Now matter how busy he is, He always comes to help us.
④Neither...nor...引导的并列句，若两词均位于分句之前，前后两句谓语动词均倒装。如：
Neither do l know her name ,nor Does he.
Exercise:
给下列各题选择一个最佳答案。
1. What ( ) doing when you ( )?
A. were they;got there
B. They were; arrived there
C. were they; came there
2.( ) a high building with some trees around it.
A. There stands
B. There stand
C. Stands there
D. Stand there
