地点状语从句由where和wherever引导，在主句前、后都可。where表示特指，wherever则表示泛指。但不少学生易将其和定语从句混淆，再者有的同学对地点状语从句不太注意，所以往往做错。例如：
You should make it a rule to leave things ___ you can find them again. (NMET99)
A.when B.where C.then D.there
答案：B.注意它引导的不是定语从句。
After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.(NMET 96)
A.which B. where C. that D. when
答案：B.这是一个由where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the small town.。再如：
Where there is a will, there’s a way.
九大状语从句总复习（2）
状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，按意义可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。
三．原因状语从句。
1．原因状语从句多由because, since, as引导。because引导的从句一般放在句末，表示直接的原因，语气最强，回答why提出的问题，重点在从句；since引导的从句一般放在句首，表已知的原因，全句重在交代结果，比because语气弱，常译作“既然”；as引导的从句放在句首或句末，表示比较明显的原因，说明因果关系，语气较弱，重点在主句，译作“由于”。例如：
_____ you have seen both fighters,_____ will win ?(上海95)
A.Since; do you think who B.As; who you think
C.When; whoever D.Since; who do you think
答案：D. since表示“既然”，所传达的信息是显而易见的。再如：
As all the seats are full, he had to stand waiting.
---“Why aren’t you coming with us to the concert ?”
---“Because I have got a bad headache.”
此外，for也可表示原因，但它是并列连词，引出并列分句，表示间接原因，用来补充说明内容，或据此而作出某种推断。例如：
She must have wept, for there are tear trails on her cheeks.
2.now that也可引导原因状语从句，意思是“既然”，与since同义，但更突出事实本身。
四．目的状语从句。
通常由so that, in order that, so, in case“以防、以免”等连词引导。例如：
He took the medicine on time so that he might get well again.
The teacher must speak clearly so that his students can/may understand well.
She has bought the book in order that she can follow the TV lessons.
1．目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may/might, can/could, should , will/would等情态动词，通常主句在前，从句在后，主句与从句之间没有逗号。
2．in order that引导的目的状语从句和so that引导的状语从句可以换用，但in order that多用于正式文体中，而so可用于口语或非正式文体中。例如：
We’ll sit nearer the front so (that) we can hear better.
3. in case在非正式文体中,常引导目的状语从句，表示“以防、以免”等含义。例如：
He left early in case he should miss the train.
Take your raincoat in case it rains/ should rain.
五．结果状语从句。
通常由连词so that, so…that, such… that等引导。例如：
He had overslept, so that he was late for work.
He was so angry that he left the room without saying a word.
He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.
1.so…that和such…that引导的结果状语从句都表示主句的动作或状态达到一定的程度而引起的结果。
so是副词，用来修饰形容词、副词、分词或其它结构，such是形容词，用来修饰名词或名词短语。例如：
There were so many people in the room that we couldn’t get in.
So badly was he injured that he had to go to the hospital. (so短语位于句首时，主句须倒装)
The book is so written that it gives a quite wrong idea of facts.
He told us such a funny story that we all laughed.
such修饰单数可数名词且名词前有形容词时，可用so替换such,冠词与形容词交换位置，构成“so adj. a(an) 名词”。上面的句子可以写成：
He told us so funny a story that we all laughed.
又如：This is such a beautiful chair that I’m thinking of buying it.
(= This is so beautiful a chair that I’m thinking of buying it.)
2.如何区别so that引导的目的状语从句和结果状语从句？
（1）.根据上下文及句子所表达的意思判断。
（2）.根据句子的结构来判断。从句之前有逗号的常是结果状语从句；从句前有情态动词的多半是目的状语从句。例如：
She hurried , so that she caught the bus.(结果)
She hurried so that she might catch the bus.(目的)
I went to the lecture early, so that I got a good seat.(结果)
I’m going to the lecture early so that I may get a good seat.(目的)
状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，按意义可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。
六．让步状语从句。
1．由however, whatever, whenever, whoever等引导，相当于no matter how/what/when/who等。例如：
We’ll have to finish the job,_____. (NMET99)
A. long it takes however
B. it takes however long
C. long however it takes
D. however long it takes
答案：D. however是副词性引导词，必须直接位于所修饰的形容词long之前，并放在句首引导状语从句。
应该注意：however, whatever, whenever, wherever等还可以引导名词性从句，而no matter how, no matter what, no matter when, no matter where等只能引导状语从句。例如：
Whatever I said couldn’t cause his interest in the topic.
2.由though, although, as, even though/if等引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可于yet连用。
(1).由as引导的让步状语从句，必须倒装表语形容词、名词（前面不用冠词）或者副词状语或者动词原形，though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装，而although引导的不能倒装。例如：
He didn’t light the fire though/although it was cold.
Although he is very old, (yet) he still jogs every day.
Rich as/though he is(=Although he is rich), I don’t envy him.
Difficult that task was, they managed to finish it in time.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I love it, I’ll not buy it.
Try as they may, they won’t succeed.
(2).even if, even though表示“即使，纵然”，有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。
例如：
I’ll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon.
Even if he did say so, we can not be sure that he was telling the truth.
(3).whether(…or)引导让步状语从句,提供两个或两个以上供选择的条件。注意此时的whether不能换成if.例如：
Whether he drives or (whether he) takes the train, he’ll be there on time.
七．条件状语从句
