装卸时间计算方法（滞留时间计算公式） - 原点资讯

《装卸时间与滞期费》第6版

CHAPTER 3 第3章

Commencement of laytime 装卸时间的起算

CHAPTER 3 第3章

Commencement of laytime

装卸时间的起算

Time lost in waiting for berth to count in full 等泊时间全部计入

3.441 This variation on the previous phrase has been considered in London arbitration. The owners argued that the words ‘‘time lost in waiting for berth whether in free pratique or not to count in full’’ had the effect of ensuring that all time spent by the vessels in waiting for a berth at the discharge port should count without the application of any charterparty exceptions. They placed heavy reliance on the words ‘‘in full’’. On the other hand, the charterers contended that ‘‘time’’ meant laytime and therefore any exceptions applied just as they would had the vessel been in berth.

3.441这是在前面短语基础上的变化而来的，在一个伦敦仲裁中已经被讨论过了。船东争辩道：‘不论检疫与否，等泊时间全部计入’这些词语的作用是为了确保船舶在卸货港等泊的时间应当计入（装卸时间）而租船合同中的任何除外条款不适用于此。他们严重依赖‘全部’这个词。另一方面，承租人却坚持认为：所谓的‘时间’指的就是装卸时间，因此，任何除外条款应予适用，就如同船舶本应已经靠泊一样。

3.442 The arbitrators held that the charterers were right and that, following The Darrah ‘‘any time lost’’ meant any laytime lost. If the intention had been to derogate from the opening words of the sentence so as to strike at the core of established laytime computations, sufﬁciently cogent language should have been used. The arbitrators suggested as an example of such wording, ‘‘Any time lost in waiting for berth to count in full, with all exceptions excluded’’. The owners’ claim for a balance of demurrage therefore failed.

3.442 仲裁员裁定承租人是正确的，遵循The Darrah—案中的判决，‘任何时间损失’指的就是任何装卸时间的损失。假若意图想要背离该句子的字面意义以至企图打破已经确立的装卸时间计算的核心思想，那么就应该使用有足够有说服力的语言。仲裁员们推荐了这种措辞的一个例子：‘等泊损失的所有时间均计入装卸时间，但所有的除外条款均应排除（适用）’。因此，船东对余下的滞期费的索赔没有成功。

Norgrain charter—waiting for berth 北美谷物租约中的等泊条款

3.443 The Norgrain charter has a provision at clause 17 covering the situation where a vessel is prevented from entering the commercial limits of the port. The clause provides for time so used in the circumstances speciﬁed to count against laytime and to be added to laytime or demurrage.

3.443北美谷物租船合同的第17条款对船舶被阻止进入港口商业区域的情形做了规定：在这种特定情形下所使用的时间应计入装卸时间并加到装卸时间或者滞期时间之上。

3.444 In London Arbitration 5/88, the arbitrators concluded that, unlike the previous clause, the waiting time should be added after the main laytime calculation had been made. The reference to its counting as laytime meant it was to be calculated in that way. Thus, if some allowed laytime remained after computing the laytime used within the port, it could be set against the time spent in waiting. If there was no allowed laytime left, the waiting time was calculated in the same way as demurrage. If it was insufﬁcient it counted part as laytime and part as demurrage.

3.444在报道的伦敦仲裁1988年第5号案中，仲裁员得出这样的结论，与以往的条款不同，等泊时间应在主要的装卸时间计算之后在加上去。把它以装卸时间的名义计入就意味着应以此种方法计算。因此，在计算出港内所用的装卸时间之后，如果，允许的装卸时间还有剩余，就能够与等泊时间相抵销。如果所允许的装卸时间没有剩余，等泊时间就应以同样方法计为滞期。如果允许的装卸时间不够抵冲，那么它就部分计入装卸时间，另一部分计入滞期。

装卸时间计算方法,滞留时间计算公式(1)

装卸时间计算方法,滞留时间计算公式(2)

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作者：魏长庚，1977年8月18日生，籍贯河南省商丘地区睢县，自1996-2000 年在大连海事大学学习。在校期间取得航海技术专业学士学位，国家英语考试六级证书。16年海上远洋船舶航行经验，7条船(包括20多万吨的Cape size好望角型船舶)远洋船长资历。本人一直热爱海商法（重点是英国海商法）的学习，并致力海商法的翻译工作。已经出版《船舶买卖》一书。

装卸时间计算方法,滞留时间计算公式(3)