玉圭，古玉器名。古代帝王、诸侯朝聘、祭祀、丧葬时所用的玉制礼器。为瑞信之物。也作“珪”。形制大小，因爵位及用途不同而异。《说文》中称的“剡上为圭”指的是上部尖锐下端平直的片状玉器。圭来源于新石器时代的工具石铲和石斧，因此今天古学界将新石器时代至商周时期的许多玉铲及方首长条形玉器都定名为圭。
辽代北川王玉圭
玉圭，古玉器名。古代帝王、诸侯朝聘、祭祀、丧葬时所用的玉制礼器。为瑞信之物。长条形，上尖下方，也作“珪”。形制大小，因爵位及用途不同而异。《周礼·春官典瑞》有大圭、镇圭、桓圭、信圭、躬圭、谷璧、蒲璧、四圭、裸圭之别。周代墓中常有发现。
可见刀刻痕迹明显，从任何角度来看都是纯手工雕刻，可见兽面纹，左右眉毛，眼睛并非完全一致，这就像我们人类的眼睛并非完全一致一样，这样才显得生动自然，是手工艺术的表现，而玉石在灯光下可见鱼鳞纹的血丝沁色，为铁矿元素长期，侵染所致，是血玉独有的特征，为开门真品无疑。
辽代北川王玉圭传说中的血玉，圭是古代大臣上朝时候手里拿的那个东西，北川王是辽国的一个封王，一代王侯，官位特别高，后来他是一代帝王，就是孝武惠文皇帝，之前称北川王，这块玉叫血丝玉，北川王陪葬玉，此玉圭上小下大。正面上方有镏金“礼信”二字，“礼信”二字下方有一小圆孔，玉圭正中下方是镏金古文“北川王之圭”字样。
从出土西周玉器来看，西周 300余年的玉器是新的风格逐渐取代商玉风格，从商玉立体的、平面的、繁复的、简单的多种类型的玉器，逐步转化为薄片状、平面阴线刻为主的玉器，较多地沿袭了商玉线条 简练的做工，后期又出现了一种前所未有的阴线细密纹饰玉器。而玉圭最早见于新石器早期，它是由当时的石斧演变而来的。石斧是在狩猎、劳作和部落战争中所使用的工具，逐渐演化为了圭。进入西周，玉圭成为朝廷祭祀的一种礼器，后来又成为一种权利的象征。朝廷在分封诸侯时，常常赐以玉圭，作为统治地方的权杖，获得玉圭的诸侯在封地内掌握有生*大权。
玉圭可视为礼器玉，也是当时社会等级分化的一种象征，这种玉器的拥有者身份等级较高，不同爵位的人士执不同的圭。玉圭作为礼器，在相当长的一段历史发展过程中，一方面是天子和大臣身份地位的象征，同时也是权贵们朝会典礼时的必带之物。
此北川王血玉圭上小下大，正面上方有镏金“礼信”二字，“礼信”二字下方有一小圆孔，玉圭正中下方是镏金古文“北川王之圭”字样。 背面上方有镏金如铜钱大小之圆圈，上下左右各一字（镏金），中间为镏金人面兽纹，下方为4排16字（镏金）古文，玉圭呈血色，在玉圭等级中是最高的，存世量极少，极具收藏价值，可遇不可求的精品。
英文翻译：Yugui is the name of ancient jade articles. Jade ritual vessels used by ancient emperors and vassals for their engagements, sacrifices and funerals. It is a creditable thing. Also "GUI". The shape and size vary according to rank and use. The "Shan Weigui" in "Sho Moon" refers to the sharp flake jade wares on the upper side and straight at the bottom. It originates from the tools of the Neolithic age, stone shovel and stone axe, so today's palaeoclimatology will be neolithic age to the Shang and Zhou period, many jade shovel and square long strip jade wares are named as kei.
Wang Yugui of Beichuan in liao Dynasty
Yugui is the name of ancient jade articles. Jade ritual vessels used by ancient emperors and vassals for their engagements, sacrifices and funerals. It is a creditable thing. Elongated, upper and lower, also "GUI". The shape and size vary according to rank and use. "The Rites of Zhou · Chun Guan Dian Rui" has the difference of dakei, Zhenkei, Huankei, shin-kei, Gongkei, Gubi, Pubi, four-kei and naked kei. They are often found in tombs of the Zhou Dynasty.
Obvious effect of the cutter, visible from any point of view is a pure manual sculpture, visible beast grain, eyebrows, eyes are not completely consistent, it's like we human eyes is not completely consistent, so just appear vivid natural, is the manual art performance, the jade in the visible light scales of blood ooze color, for the long-term iron ore elements, caused by infection, Is the unique characteristics of blood jade, for the door genuine undoubtably.
Liao dynasty Wang Yugui legendary jade blood beichuan, kei is an ancient minister to hold the things in hand, when the king of beichuan is liao countries a king, a generation of princes, particularly high official positions, then he is the emperor, is filial piety Wu Huiwen emperor, said before the king of beichuan, the call bloodshot jade, jade with jade king of beichuan, on the jade, the big small. On the top of the front there is gold-plating "ritual letter" two words, "ritual letter" two words below a small round hole, jade guizhong is under the ancient gold-plating text "Beichuan Wang Zhiguo".
From the point of the western zhou dynasty unearthed jade, jade is a new style gradually replace the western zhou dynasty more than 300 years ShangYu style, business jade three-dimensional, flat, heavy and complicated, simple multiple types of jade, gradually transformed into thin sheet, Yin line carved jade, much work with ShangYu line is concise, late again an unprecedented Yin line with fine grain jade. And yugui was first seen in the early Neolithic period, it is evolved from the stone axe. Stone axe is used in hunting, labor and tribal warfare tools, gradually evolved into the guzi. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, yugui became a sacrificial vessel for the court and later a symbol of power. The imperial court often gave yugui as a scepter to rule the area when enfegifying vassals. Those vassals who obtained the yugui had the power of life and death in the fief.
Jade jade can be regarded as a ritual jade, is also a symbol of the social class division at that time, this kind of jade owners of higher status, different titles of people with different gugui. Yugui, as a ritual vessel, in a long historical development process, on the one hand, it was a symbol of the status of the son of heaven and ministers, and at the same time, it was also a necessary thing for the dignitaries to take in the court ceremony.
The blood jade guiyu of Beichuan king is small on the upper part and big on the lower part. There is gold-plating "ritual letter" on the upper part of the front, and a small round hole on the lower part of the word "ritual letter". The ancient gold-plating writing "King's Guiyu of Beichuan" is in the center of the jade guiyu. On the back of the upper part of the circle of gold-plating such as copper money, on the left and right of each word (gold-plating), the middle for gold-plating face and animal grain, the lower part of the 4 rows of 16 words (gold-plating), jade is blood, in the grade of jade is the highest, very few, very valuable collection, can not be found.
