除此之外,tone还可表示:
the general mood or main qualities of something
风格;基调,格调;气氛
例句:
I didn't like the jokey tone of the article - I thought it was inappropriate.
我不喜欢这篇文章的搞笑风格——我觉得这不恰当。
a form or degree of a colour
色调
例句:
warm tones of brown and yellow
棕色和黄色这种暖色调
skin tone
肤色
例句:
Neon colours look great against darker skin tones.
霓虹色和深色肤色搭配起来很好看。
earth tone
褐土色(调)
the healthy tightness of the body, especially the muscles
(尤指肌肉的)坚实,结实
例句:
After you've had a baby you lose the muscle tone in your stomach.
你生完孩子后,腹部的肌肉就失去了弹性。
tone up
这里tone用作动词时,组成动词短语tone up,表示“(通常通过锻炼)使(身体部位)更强健”。
tone sth down
to make something less forceful or offensive, usually a piece of writing or a speech
使(通常指文章或讲话)缓和;使温和
例句:
Some of the language in the original play has been toned down for the television version.
这部戏被拍成电视后,原剧中的一些语言已经被改得不那么激烈了。
muscle tone
肌张力;肌肉紧张度
例句:
muscles and joints are flexed and stretched, promoting muscle tone.
肌肉和关节可以得到放松和伸展,强化肌肉结构。
费翔中美混搭的口音,还有一个原因是平翘舌不分,我国很多地区的方言也不区分平翘舌,最常见的是z和zhi、c和chi、s和shi不分。
要想说话时字正腔圆,多练绕口令是个不错的方法。
下面这几个绕口令,你能念对几个?
1. cat, cat, catch that fat rat.
猫,猫,抓住那只胖老鼠。
解析:这句绕口令比较简单,主要是要注意辨析几个发音相近的单词。
cat/kæt/ that/ðæt/ fat/fæt/ rat/ræt/
2. He never saw a saw saw a saw.
他从没见过一把锯子锯另一把锯子。
解析:难点在于saw的词义与词性辨析。第一个saw是动词see的过去式,表示“看见”,第二、第四个saw,前有冠词a修饰,是名词“锯子”,第三个saw是动词“锯”。
3. Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?
你能像装罐工人一样装罐头吗?
解析:难点在于can的词性、词义辨析。"Can you can a can" 这部分所有can的词性与词义从左到右依次是:情态动词“能够”、实义动词“装罐”、名词“罐头”;canner是名词“装罐的人”,"as a canner can can a can"这部分can的词性、词义与"Can you can a can"相同。
4. Few free fruit flies fly from flames.
没有几只果蝇从火焰中飞过去。
解析:难点在于以"f"开头的多个单词的发音辨析,并且要注意发音的清晰连贯。
few/fjuː/ free/friː/ fruit/fruːt/
flies/flaɪz/ fly/flaɪ/ from/frʌm/
flames/fleɪmz/
5. Never trouble troubles until trouble troubles you.
麻烦没来找你,就别去自找麻烦。
解析:难点在于trouble的词性辨析。"Never trouble troubles"这部分的trouble是动词,troubles是名词。"until trouble troubles you"这部分的trouble是名词,troubles是动词。两处troubles分别是名词的复数形式和动词的三单形式。
6. I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream.
我大叫,你大叫,大家都大叫要冰淇淋。
解析:句式较简单,scream/skriːm/的后半部分与cream/kriːm/发音相同,但需要注意的是,虽然字母c的音标都是/k/,但scream发音时/k/浊化成/g/,而cream则不用。
7. The big bug bit the little beetle, but the little beetle bit the big bug back.
大昆虫咬了小甲虫,但小甲虫也回咬了大昆虫一口。
解析:难点在于以"b"开头的相近单词的发音辨析。
big/bɪɡ/ bug/bʌɡ/ bit/bɪt/
beetle/ˈbiːtl/ but/bʌt/ back/bæk/
此外,little/ˈlɪtl/与beetle/ˈbiːtl/发音也比较接近,朗读时注意区分。
8. I think that that that that that student wrote on the blackboard was wrong.
我认为那个学生在黑板上写的“那个”是错误的。
解析:难点在于that的多功能用法。第一个that引导宾语从句,无实义;第二、第五个that是指示代词“那个”,第三个that是名词,表示"that"这个英文单词,第四个that是关系代词,引导定语从句。
9. If you understand, say "understand". If you don't understand, say "don't understand". But if you understand and say "don't understand", how do I understand that you understand. Understand?
如果你知道,就说“知道”,如果你不知道,就说“不知道”;如果你知道却说“不知道”,我怎么知道你知道,知道吗?
解析:虽然句子比较长,但是没有需要辨析发音的单词,而且句子的结构比较工整,比较好记。朗读时需要注意从句与主句之间、句子与句子之间的停顿。
10. Great Greek grape growers grow great Greek grapes, but the Greeks do not eat the grapes the great Greek grape growers grow.
伟大的希腊葡萄种植者种植伟大的希腊葡萄,但希腊人却不吃伟大的希腊葡萄种植者种植的葡萄。
解析:难点在于以"g"开头的多个相似单词的发音辨析。
great/ɡreɪt/ Greek/ɡriːk/ grape/ɡreɪp/
grower/ˈɡrəʊər/ grow/ɡrəʊ/
"the great Greek grape growers grow"是定语从句,修饰前面的the grapes。
11. How many cookies could a good cook cook If a good cook could cook cookies? A good cook could cook as many cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies.
如果一个好厨师会做小甜饼,那么他能做多少小甜饼呢?一个好厨师可以做出和会做小甜饼的好厨师一样多的小甜饼。
解析:朗读这个句子,需理清两部分:一是相近单词的发音,二是句子的结构。cookies, could, good, cook, 有相同的元音音素/ʊ/,发音比较接近,朗读时注意区分。
问句的结构为How引导的特殊疑问句 if引导的从句,"a good cook cook"里的第一个cook为名词“厨师”,第二个cook为动词“做饭,烹饪”;第二个句子中"who could cook cookies"是定语从句,修饰前面的a good cook。
12. I thought a thought. But the thought I thought wasn't the thought I thought I thought. If the thought I thought I thought had been the thought I thought, I wouldn't have thought so much.
我想到一个想法,但这个想法不是我认为我想到的那个想法。如果我认为我想到的那个想法就是我想到的想法,我就不会想那么多了。
解析:主要难在两方面:一是thought的词性与词义辨析,二是句子的结构。第二个句子以及第三个句子的从句部分都是“主系表”结构,中间穿插定语从句。"I thought a thought"这里的第一个thought是动词,第二个是名词。
"But the thought I thought"这里的I thought为定语从句,修饰the thought;"wasn't the thought I thought I thought"这部分的第一个I thought为插入语,可译为“我认为”,第二个I thought为定语从句。
"If the thought I thought I thought had been the thought I thought"整个句子为“主系表”结构,主语和表语分别被定语从句修饰,第一个I thought 是插入语,可译为“我认为”。
你学会商务殷语了吗?