only修饰先行词定语从句中用who不用that的情况:
1) 当先行词是 people 或是表示人的集体名词时
①The only other people who knew the secret were Joe and Bert. 除此之外,只有乔与鲍知道这个秘密。新概念英语第三册第30课,课文第三段 词汇句型语法解析及翻译 第⑦句
②An interactive product should show interest in the people who use it. 一款互动的产品应该展现出对用户的兴趣。
The crew who were all asleep forgot to put off a lantern. 已入睡的船员全部忘了吹熄提灯。
2) 当先行词为指示代词 those,或先行词是those所修饰的人时
This film directed by the famous director is dedicated to those who died in the war. 这部由著名导演执导的电影是献给那些在战争中死去的人。
She is one of those women who always make troubles. 她是那些老是制造麻烦的女人之一。
3) 当表示人的先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时
①He is the third man who witnessed the murder. 他是这起谋*案的第三个见证者。
②They were the first who were there. 他们是去那里的第一批人。
4) 当先行词为人称代词 he, she, they 或one(s), anyone, nobody 等时
①He who plays a trick must be prepared to take a joke. 玩花招的人必定会受到戏弄。
②The ones who refuse to reform should be punished as required by law. 拒绝改革的人应依法受到惩罚。
③It was she who first introduced me to the pleasures of wine-tasting. 是她第一个让我领略到品酒的乐趣。
④There is nobody who has no shortcomings. 没有缺点的人是没有的。
5) 当先行词与定语从句被其他句子成分隔开时。(更多这样的例子可见隔离定语从句一文)
He is the only doctor in this hospital who I trust. 他是这家医院里我唯一信得过的医生。
6)当关系代词在从句中作主语,修饰表示人的先行词,且与谓语动词被分隔开时
He was a man who, if had been properly supported, would have worked wonders. 他是一个本该创造出奇迹的人,如果当时给予适应的支持的话。
7) 当表示人的先行词由两个定语从句重叠修饰时(即双重定语从句),第二个定语从句只能用who/whom引导,而不能用that。而且第二个定语从句的引导词不能被省略。
The only person I know who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George. 我所认识的唯一的在柜中藏骷嵝的人便是乔治。
第三段 词汇句型语法解析及翻译 第⑧句
⑧ They did not even tell their wives. 但他俩连自己的妻子都没告诉。wife的复数变化是不规则的,一般来说是以f或fe结尾的名词变复数,先把f或fe变为V再加ES。
以f或fe结尾的,把f或者fe变成v,再加es。例如,wife-wives,knife-knives,等。随着学习的深入都会遇到,我们又会遇到很多以f或fe结尾的名词,直接加了s,例如chief-chiefs(首领),gulf-gulfs(海湾),等等。这就给我们的学习造成了困惑,有时造成混淆。
1.以f或fe结尾的,把f或者fe变成v,再加es
妻子wife-wives,2.刀子knife-knives,3.狼wolf-wolves,4.小偷thief-thives,5.架子shelf-shelves,6.半,一般half-halves,7.树叶leaf-leaves,8.自己self-selves,9,生命life-lives。
2. 在f或fe后面直接加s的词有:
gulf—gulfs(海湾) roof—roofs(屋顶) chief-chiefs(首领) serf-serf(农奴) safe→safes(保险箱)belief→beliefs (信仰)proof-proofs(证据) handkerchief(handkerchiefs)(手绢、手帕)。
注意: handkerchief等几个词,变复数时两种形式都可以。