高中英语语法 之 形容词、副词的辨析的讲解与练习
一、形容词用法
形容词主要用来修饰名词，也可修饰something, nothing等不定代词，在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。作状语时表示伴随、原因等，或是对主语进行解释，位于句首、句中或句尾，表示伴随时通常用逗号与其他成分隔开。
e.g. He went to bed, cold and hungry.
二、副词用法
1.副词主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、从句或整个句子。修饰整个句子时，可置于句首、句中或句尾。
e.g. Fortunately, he escaped from the fire.
2.有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词形式相同，另一种是在形容词后加-ly。这两种形式的副词在意义上有所不同。不带-ly的副词往往表示的是具体概念（也就是词的本义）；加-ly的往往表示的是抽象概念（也就是词的引申义）。
close (接近，指距离)→ closely (仔细地；密切地);
deep (深的)→ deeply (深刻地；深入地);
hard (努力地)→ hardly (几乎不);
wide (充分张开地，宽阔地)→ widely (广泛地);
提醒：一般说来，形容词 -ly构成的是副词，如：easily，badly等；名词 -ly构成的是形容词或名词，如：friendly, lovely等。
3. rather, very, quite, fairly 的区别
rather 常用于不愉快的场合，用来修饰贬义的形容词或副词，如bad, poor等；fairly常用于较愉快的场合，用来修饰表示赞美的褒义形容词或副词，如nice, well等。
e.g. She is fairly clever, but does rather badly in her lessons.
如果修饰中性形容词或副词，如easy, fast等，fairly表示肯定概念；而rather表示否定概念。
e.g. The soup is fairly hot. (表示喜欢热汤)
The soup is rather hot. (表示讨厌太烫的汤)
提醒：rather可以用在similar, different以及介词like，形容词、副词的比较级之前，也可修饰动词，而fairly，quite则不能。
e.g.It is rather warmer today than yesterday.
quite表示的程度比fairly深，表示主观看法，可理解为“十分”。
e.g. The news is quite amazing.
fairly只能用在不定冠词之后；而quite和rather位于不定冠词前、后皆可。
e.g. This is a fairly heavy / rather a heavy / a rather heavy / a quite heavy / quite a heavy job for us.
另外，rather有时跟褒义词尤其是表示“好”的词连用时，强调被修饰词的程度，可与fairly，quite互换。
e.g. Your English is rather / fairly / quite good.
跟踪练习
1.After two years’ research, we now have a_____better understanding of the disease.
A.very B.far C.fairly D.quite
2.The final score of the basketball match is 93-94. We were only_____beaten.
A.nearly B.slightly C.narrowly D.lightly
3.It’s hard for him playing against me. I’ve got nothing to play for, but for him, he needs to win so_____.
A.far B.well C.little D.badly
4.The new group of students is better behaved than the other group who stayed here_____.
A.early B.earlier C.earliest D.the earliest
5.Since Tom_____downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now.
A.readily B.horribly C.accidentally D.irregularly
6.Alan is a careful driver, but he drives_____of my friends.
A.more carefully B.the most carefully C.less carefully D.the least carefully
7.When they heard the bad news, they all looked_____at the master and felt quite ＿.
A.sad, sad B.sadly, sadly C.sad, sadly D.sadly, sad
8.It’s reported that heart-related deaths are_____due to brain damage.
A.rather B.very C.quickly D.largely
9. You’re working_____hard, and you’re letting the boss take advantage of you.
A.too very B.much too C.too much D.far
10.I tried hard to get some information about the new technology out of his mouth, but he remained_____.
A.quiet B.secret C.silent D.calm
答案：BCDBC DDDBC
