在微博搜索采集时，默认情况下只显示当前页数据。如果搜索的关键词是热词，当前页数据的时间范围可能只有三五分钟。所以，如果要把数据采集全，则必须登录。
在大批量采集时，必须使用账号构建cookie池，并根据cookie有效期实时更新已过期的cookie，下面主要实现基于Pyppeteer的微博登录，供大家参考。
新浪微博登录DEMO主类：import asyncio, time
from com.fy.plugs.browser.pyppeteer.PyppeteerBrowser import PyppeteerBrowser
from com.fy.utils.date.DateUtils import Date_Utils
class WeiBoLogin:
def __init__(self):
self.pb = PyppeteerBrowser()
self.du = Date_Utils()
def login(self):
url = "https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=https://m.weibo.cn/"
userDataDir = "d://pyppeteer" str(self.du.getCurrentTimeStr_Year())
asyncio.get_event_loop() .run_until_complete(self.pb.getbrowser(False, userDataDir))
asyncio.get_event_loop() .run_until_complete(self.pb.open(url, 60))
time.sleep(10)
asyncio.get_event_loop() .run_until_complete(self.pb.inputKw(None, "#loginName", "用户名"))
time.sleep(1)
asyncio.get_event_loop() .run_until_complete(self.pb.inputKw(None, "#loginPassword", "密码"))
time.sleep(1)
eles = asyncio.get_event_loop() .run_until_complete(self.pb.getElementsByXpaths(None, '//*[@id="loginAction"]'))
asyncio.get_event_loop() .run_until_complete(self.pb.clickByEle(eles[0]))
time.sleep(100)
if __name__ == '__main__':
sbl = WeiBoLogin()
sbl.login()
Pyppeteer公共类：
import asyncio, tkinter, traceback
import time
from pyppeteer import launch
from com.fy.utils.http.UserAgentUtils import UserAgentUtils
from com.fy.utils.hash.HashUtils import Hash_Utils
from com.fy.utils.file.FileUtils import File_Utils
class PyppeteerBrowser:
def __init__(self):
self.hash = Hash_Utils()
self.url = None
self.ua = UserAgentUtils()
#"""使用tkinter获取屏幕大小"""）
def screen_size(self):
tk = tkinter.Tk()
width = tk.winfo_screenwidth()
height = tk.winfo_screenheight()
tk.quit()
return width, height
async def getbrowser(self, headless=False, userDataDir=None):
args = [ "--start-maximized", '--no-sandbox', "--disable-infobars" , "--log-level=3"]
parameters = {}
if userDataDir == None:
parameters = {'headless': headless, #是否打开浏览器；False:打开浏览器；True：进程中运行；
'args': args,
'dumpio': True #'dumpio': True：解决chromium浏览器多开页面卡死问题。
}
else:
parameters = {'headless': headless, #是否打开浏览器；False:打开浏览器；True：进程中运行；
'args': args,
"userDataDir": userDataDir,
'dumpio': True #'dumpio': True：解决chromium浏览器多开页面卡死问题。
}
#注意：同一个用户目录（userDataDir）不能被两个chrome进程使用，如果你要多开，记得分别指定用户目录。否则会报编码错误。
self.browser = await launch(parameters)
self.page = await self.browser.newPage()#在此浏览器上创建新页面并返回其对象。
width, height = self.screen_size()
# 设置网页可视区域大小
await self.page.setViewport({
"width": width,
"height": height
})
# 是否启用JS，enabled设为False，则无渲染效果
await self.page.setJavaScriptEnabled(enabled=True)
#设置请求头userAgent
await self.page.setUserAgent(self.ua.getheaders())
await self.preventCheckWebdriver(self.page)
print("构造浏览器对象完毕....", self.page)
#获取当前操作的界面
async def getPage(self):
return self.page
#获取当前page对象的链接；
async def getCurUrl(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
return await page.url
#打开一个新的界面；）
async def getnewpage(self):
return await self.browser.newPage()
#获取当前操作的界面重新加载
async def reload(self):
await self.page.reload()
#当前操作界面返回
async def goBack(self):
await self.page.goBack()
#获取当前操作的界面的URL
async def getPageUrl(self):
await self.page.url()
#打开连接；
async def open(self, url, timeout=60):
try:
if url == None:
print("当前传入的【url】不能为空，参数错误！！")
self.url = url
print("打开网页：" (url))
self.res = await self.page.goto(url, options={'timeout':int(timeout * 1000)})#打开连接；
await asyncio.sleep(1)#强行等待3秒
status = await self.res.status
curUrl = await self.page.url
await self.preventCheckWebdriver(self.page)
return status, curUrl
except:return 404, None
async def preventCheckWebdriver(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
await page.evaluate('''() =>{ Object.defineProperties(navigator,{ webdriver:{ get: () => undefined } }) }''') # 以下为插入中间js，将淘宝会为了检测浏览器而调用的js修改其结果。
await page.evaluate('''() =>{ window.navigator.chrome = { runtime: {}, }; }''')
await page.evaluate('''() =>{ Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'languages', { get: () => ['en-US', 'en'] }); }''')
await page.evaluate('''() =>{ Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'plugins', { get: () => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6], }); }''')
async def closeBrowser(self, browser):
if browser == None:
browser = self.browser
try:
await browser.close()
except:pass
async def closePage(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
await page.close()
async def closeNumPage(self, number:"号码从0开始"):
pages = await self.browser.pages()
await pages[number].close()
return True
async def retainLastPage(self):
pages = await self.browser.pages()
num = 0
for page in pages:
if num != (len(pages) - 1):
await page.close()
else:
self.page = page
num = 1
async def gerReponseStatus(self):
try:return await self.res.status # 响应状态
except:return 200
async def screenshot(self, page):
hashCode = self.hash.getMd5Hash(self.url)
if page == None:
page = self.page
await page.screenshot({'path': './screenshots/' str(hashCode) '.png'})
async def getHeader(self):
return await self.res.headers # 响应头；
async def scrollToButtom(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
await page.evaluate('window.scrollBy(0, document.body.scrollHeight)')
async def getCookies(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
return await page.cookies()
async def getCookieStr(page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
cookies_list = await page.cookies()
cookies = ''
for cookie in cookies_list:
str_cookie = '{0}={1};'
str_cookie = str_cookie.format(cookie.get('name'), cookie.get('value'))
cookies = str_cookie
try:print(cookies)
except:pass
return cookies
async def setCookies(self, page, cookies):
if page == None:
page = self.page
return await page.setCookie(*cookies)
async def getHtml(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
return (await page.content())
async def getCurPageTitle(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
return (await page.title())
async def getElementFieldValue(self, page, element, field):
if element == None:
print("当前传入的【element】不能为空，参数错误！！")
return None
if field == None:
print("当前传入的【field】不能为空，参数错误！！")
return None
if page == None:
page = self.page
if str(type(element)) == "<class 'list'>":
print("当前传入的【element】不是单个对象，为list集合，参数错误！！")
return None
fieldValue = (await element.getProperty(field)).jsonValue()
return fieldValue
async def getPageWidthHight(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
return await page.evaluate('''() => {
return {
width: document.documentElement.clientWidth,
height: document.documentElement.clientHeight,
deviceScaleFactor: window.devicePixelRatio,
}
}''')
async def getCurBrowserAllPages(self):
return await self.browser.pages()
async def getElementsByXpaths(self, page, xpath:'如：//div[@class="title-box"]/a'):
if xpath == None:
print("当前传入的【xpath】不能为空，参数错误！！")
return None
if page == None:
page = self.page
try:elemList = await page.xpath(xpath)
except:
print("获取xpath路径为【" str(xpath) "】的标签对象异常...")
return elemList#返回类型为：list集合；
async def getPageText(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
'''Pyppeteer的evaluate()方法只使用JavaScript字符串，该字符串可以是函数也可以是表达式，
Pyppeteer会进行自动判断。但有时会判断错误，如果字符串被判断成了函数，并且报错，
可以添加选项force_expr=True，强制Pyppeteer作为表达式处理。'''
return await page.evaluate('document.body.textContent', force_expr=True)
async def getElementText(self, page, element):
if element == None:
print("当前传入的【element】不能为空，参数错误！！")
return None
if page == None:
page = self.page
if str(type(element)) == "<class 'list'>":
print("当前传入的【element】不是单个对象，为list集合，参数错误！！")
return None
return await page.evaluate('(element) => element.textContent', element)
async def getElementBySelector(self, page , selector):
if selector == None:
print("当前传入的【selector】不能为空，参数错误！！")
return None
if page == None:
page = self.page
return await page.querySelector(selector)
async def inputKw(self, page, selector:"如：'input#kw.s_ipt':获取input标签中id='kw',class='s_ipt'的对象。不可用xpath路径", kw:'待输入的关键词'):
if kw == None:
return None
if selector == None:
return None
if page == None:
page = self.page
try:print(selector, kw)
except:pass
await page.type(selector, kw)
return None
async def clickElement(self, page, selector:"如：'input#kw.s_ipt':获取input标签中id='kw',class='s_ipt'的对象。。不可用xpath路径"):
if selector == None:
print("当前传入的【selector】不能为空，参数错误！！")
if page == None:
page = self.page
await page.click(selector)#如果selector获取的对象是list集合，则执行第一个元素的点击；
async def removeInputValue(self, page, idValue):
if idValue == None:
print("当前传入的【idValue】不能为空，参数错误！！")
if page == None:
page = self.page
await page.evaluate("document.querySelector('#" str(idValue) "').value=''")
print("清空【" str(idValue) "】的内容")
async def clickByEle(self, ele):
if ele == None:
return
return await ele.click()
async def getLastPage(self):
pages = await self.browser.pages()
return pages[-1]
async def getPageTotal(self):
pages = await self.browser.pages()
return len(pages)
async def getFirstPage(self):
pages = await self.browser.pages()
return pages[0]
async def getAllFrames(self, page):
if page == None:
page = self.page
return await page.frames
async def getScreenshotByEle(self, page, ele, screenshotFilePath:"目前测试只有.png图片可正常生成，jpg异常；"):
picture = ''
try:
fu = File_Utils(None)
fu = File_Utils(fu.getParentDir(screenshotFilePath))
if not fu.exists(fu.getParentDir(screenshotFilePath)):fu.makeDirs()#如果图片的保存目录不存在，则创建；
time.sleep(3)
try:
for _ in range(6):
clip = await ele.boundingBox()
picture = base64.b64encode(await page.screenshot({
'path': screenshotFilePath, # 图片路径, 不指定就不保存
'clip': clip # 指定图片位置,大小
}))
if picture != '':
break
except Exception as e:
print(traceback.print_exc())
except Exception as e:
print(traceback.print_exc())
return picture
注意事项：
测试过程中发现，基于PC端的登录界面，在Pyppeteer浏览器中，登录按钮无法使用。但是手机端登录界面可以正常登录
