1. 含义：作状语的句子
2. 分类：时间，地点，条件，让步，原因，结果...
时间状从：引导单词/短语（一…就…）as soon as, the instant
（每次，下次，等到）every time, each time, next time, by the time
（片刻，那分钟，那天，那清晨）the moment, the minute, the day, the morning
（立刻）immediately, directly, instantly
例：I didn’t wait a moment, but came immediately you called.
The day he returned home, his father was already dead.
（刚…就…）hardly...when, scarcely...when, no sooner...than
用倒装语序（前倒后不倒）
时间状从：引导词when, while, as的区别例：Hardly had I felt when the quarrel started.
例：Scarcely had the doctor got into bed when he was called
out again.
例：No sooner had we sat down than we found it was time to
go.
When 用于中止/延续动词（当…时）
例：When they came home, I was cooking dinner.当他们回家时，我正在做饭。
While 只用于延续动词且有对比（当…而…）
例：While we were watching TV, he was studying.当我们看电视，而他在学习。
As 强调主从句的动作同时发生（一边…一边…、随时间…）
让步状从：although，though，as, while区别例：As she sang, tears ran down her face.她一边唱歌，眼泪一边流下她的脸颊。
1. although、though不连but，而用yet
例：Though I believe it, yet I must consider.虽然我相信，但我必须考虑。
2. although引导不倒装；though引导可倒可不倒
例：The son was having a good meal at home, thought his parents were working in the fields.
3. as引导要倒装。提前表语/状语（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)
例：Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress.
=Although/Though he works hard, he makes little progress.
4. while引导放句首
疑问词＋ever VS no matter＋疑问词例：While I like the colour，I don't like the shape.
1、相同：（…都…；不管…都…）疑问词＋ever ＝ no matter＋疑问词
例：No matter who you are, you must keep the law.
=Whoever you are, you must keep the law.
2、区别：“no matter 疑问词”只引导让步状从，“疑问词-ever”可引导名词性从句
原因状从：引导词例：I’ll eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me.
Whoever (≠no matter who) comes will be welcome.
1、（因为）as, because, for, in that
2、（考虑到）considering that
3、（由于） seeing that, since, now that
条件状从：引导词例：I'm in a slightly awkward position in that he has not
arrived.我的处境有点尴尬，因为他还没有到。
1、if，unless（除非）, in case（万一）
2、so /as long as（只要）,as/ so far as（就……而言）
例：You won't find paper cutting difficult as long as you
keep practicing it.只要你坚持练习，你就会发现剪纸并不难。
3、on condition that（条件是……）, supposing（假设）
目的状从：引导词例：Jimmy asked Mary to lend him some money, which she agreed to, on condition that he paid her back the following month.吉米请求玛丽借给他一些钱，玛丽答应了，条件是他下个月必须还她。
1、so that（以便）（so as to v）
例：John spoke through a microphone so that/in order
that he could be heard in every room.
2、in order that（为了）, for fear that（以便），in case
that（以防万一）
结果状从：引导词(如此…以致…)so＋形容词/副词…that/ such＋名词…that
例：He is so clever that everyone likes him.
例：He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.
注意：many、much、few、little＋名词，用so不用such
例：He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.
每天学一点，遇见更好的自己！
