英文动词用法中,一个让人头疼的问题就是动词后面接不同的介词,会产生不同的含义。这个基本没有任何窍门可以归纳,完全靠长期的阅读积累下来的语感和死记硬背。这里只是一个简单的汇总。需要指出一点,我从来没有试图(实际上也做不到)将所有的用法全部囊括,我只是将一些我认为常见的用法展示出来;我相信,即使是母语人士,也不可能把这些用法全部掌握;我们必须放弃那种“完美主义”的学习方式,好像不全部掌握就对不住这门语言一样。记住并运用常见的用法,已经善莫大焉。
1. 与of 搭配的动词(这些动词往往一词多义,这里仅限我括号中限定的词义)
Ask(请求;要求)This is asking too much of a child.
Accuse (指责;控告)He was accused of stealing.
Deprive(剥夺)He was deprived of his political right.
Inform (通知)He informed me of her arrival.
Rob (剥夺;用法可以参考deprive)He had been robbed of his dignity.
Relieve (减负)She will relieve us of some burdens.
Remind (使…想起)That smell reminds me of France.
Require(使…做;要求)What exactly is required of a receptionist?
2. 与for 搭配的动词
Blame (责备)A dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire.
Excuse(原谅)Please excuse me for being late.
3. 与with 搭配的动词
Entrust(委托;托付;用法同trust)He entrusted his nephew with the task.
Furnish (供应)She furnished him with the facts.
4. 与from搭配的动词
Hinder(阻止)You must not hinder him from doing his homework.
Prevent (阻止;keep, stop做同样意思讲用法相同)He is prevented from driving.
Prohibit (阻止;用法同prevent)
Protect(保护…免受…;用法同prevent)
Tell(区分;distinguish的用法相同)Can you tell a chimpanzee from a gorilla?
5. 与into搭配的动词
Change (改变;转化)The magician changed the scarf into a rabbit.
Convert(改变;转化)I convert my dollar into euro.
Translate(把…译成)
6. 与on/upon 搭配的动词
Bestow (授予)It was a title bestowed upon him by the king.
Confer(授予)A honorary degree was conferred on him.
Impose(强加;征收)The teacher imposed a heavy task on him.
Inflict(使…承受 [打击;苦头等])They inflicted heavy casualty on the enemy.