两张图看懂FIBA走步规则 之一
两张图看懂FIBA走步规则 之二
基于FIBA篮球规则原文做了一些原创图例，涵盖了比较全的走步变化，方便大家理解012以及中枢脚的全面知识，欢迎评论区讨论。
我是一个一直在打球的老三级篮球裁判，以前不论是庶民的三步上篮，还是巨星的梦幻脚步，基本都可以归纳至中枢脚原则，但现在的规则中为了进攻流畅，新引入的「012」和原本「中枢脚」的概念是穿插在一起的，我自己看原文的时候也发现有几段的层级关系非常绕，所以自己做了些图例并且对说说明顺序也做了些调整，希望能简化理解。
图例虽然没有众多的科普视频来得直观，但是胜在能一眼看出大的结构关系，若有纰漏，望行家费心勘误指正。
FIBA规则（2024.10）原文引用如下：
,25.2.1 Establishing a pivot foot by a player who catches a live ball on the court:
1）A player who catches the ball while standing with both feet on the court:
- The moment one foot is lifted, the other foot becomes the pivot foot.
- To start a dribble, the pivot foot may not be lifted before the ball is released from the hand(s).
- To pass or shoot for a goal, the player may jump off a pivot foot, but neither foot may be returned to the court before the ball is released from the hand(s).
2）A player who catches the ball while progressing, or upon completion of a dribble, may take two steps in coming to a stop, passing or shooting the ball:
- After receiving the ball, a player shall release the ball to start the dribble before the second step.
- The first step occurs when one foot or both feet touch the court after gaining control of the ball.
- The second step occurs after the first step when the other foot touches the court or both feet touch the court simultaneously.
- If the player who comes to a stop on the first step has both feet on the court or they touch the court simultaneously, that player may pivot using either foot as the pivot foot. If the player then jumps with both feet, no foot may return to the court before the ball is released from the hand(s).
- If a player lands on one foot, only that foot may be used as the pivot foot.
- If a player jumps off one foot on the first step, that player may land on both feet simultaneously for the second step. In this case, the player may not pivot with either foot. If one foot or both feet then leave the court, no foot may return to the court before the ball is released from the hand(s).
- If both feet are off the court and the player lands on both feet simultaneously, the moment one foot is lifted the other foot becomes the pivot foot.
- A player may not touch the court consecutively with the same foot or both feet after ending the dribble or gaining control of the ball.
25.2.2 A player falling, lying or sitting on the court:
- It is legal when a player falls and slides on the court while holding the ball or, while lying or sitting on the court, gains control of the ball
- It is a violation if the player then rolls or attempts to stand up while holding the ball.
