大学英语语法 之 将来完成进行时
将来完成进行时
一、基本构成：shall/will have been 动词的现在分词。
二、基本用法：表示某种情况一直持续到说话人所提及的未来某个时间，并且有可能持续下去。重点是动作在一直持续。这个时态常和表示将来某一时间的状语连用。该时态并不常见。
肯定句：主语 shall/will have been doing 其他
e.g.I shall have been working here in this liquid oxygen industrial zone for twenty years by the end of the year.
否定句：主语 shall/will not have been doing 其他.
一般疑问句：Shall/Will 主语 have been doing 其他？
肯定回答：Yes，主语 shall/will.
否定回答：No，主语 shall/will not.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 一般疑问句
将来完成进行时通常用于以下情况：
1.表示将来某个时间点之前一直在进行的动作或状态。
e.g.She will have been studying for three hours by the time she takes a break.
2.表示未来某个时间点之前一直持续的动作或状态，强调这个动作或状态的持续时间。
e.g.They will have been hiking for six hours by the time they reach the summit.
3.表示未来某个时间点之前一直在进行的动作或状态对为了某一个时刻的影响或结果。
e.g.By the time he finishes the book he will have been reading it for a month.
4.表示未来某个时间点之前一直在进行的动作或状态从为了某一时刻开始已经停止了。
e.g.He will be covered in sweat because he will have been working out at the gym.
三、特殊用法：
在以下情况下可以用将来完成进行时而不用将来完成时：
1.动作本身就是连续的，没有明确的终止时间：
e.g.By the end of the month he will have been living/working/studying here for ten years．
2.一种经常进行的动作被表示为连续的动作：
e.g.By the end of this month he will have been training horses for twenty years．
3.will have been adj.表示未来某个时间之前已经开始并一直持续的某一状态。
e.g.He will have been tired after working for ten hours.
跟踪练习
1.By the time the sun rises, I __________ for nine hours.(sleep)
2.By the time we arrive, they __________ for an hour.
3.They __________ for long when the boss arrives.(argue)
4.By the time I leave, I __________ in this chair for more than an hour.(not sit)
5.He __________ on the project for a week by the time it is due.(work)
6.When she arrives, they __________ trees for two hours.(plant)
7.How long _______________ when the concert starts?(you prepare)
8.He __________ for ten minutes by the time the doctor sees him.(wait)
9.They __________ for three hours by the time the movie ends. (watch)
10.I __________ in this city for five years next month. (live)
11.By the time I finish the book, I __________ it for a month. (read)
12. By the time he graduates, he __________ at this university for four years.(study)
答案：
1.shall have been sleeping 2.will have been waiting 3.will having been arguing
4.won’t have been sitting 5.will have been working 6.will have been planting
7.will you have been preparing 8.will have been waiting 9.will have been watching
10.will have been living 11.will have been reading 12.will have been studying
