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在英语学习中,如果能够正确地辨别词性将有助于提升单词背诵的准确率,而且会大大提高考试中的得分率。动词,因其作为大量衍生词的词根,备受英语学习者的关注。但想提高英语水平,专攻动词是远远不够的。现在小编为大家介绍词性大家族的另一个重要成员——副词。
“副词”是什么?
副词(Adverb)是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词,用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句,表示时间、频率、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系、顺序的概念。
“副词”有什么?
“副词”分为时间(频率)副词(now, then, often, always, usually, next, already, generally, frequently, seldom/hardly, ever, never, yet, soon, too, immediately, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday, once, twice, lately, recently, today, yet)、地点副词(here, there, everywhere, anywhere, somewhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, up, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round, around, near, off, past, up, away, on)、方式副词(carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly, slowly, badly, hard, bravely)、程度副词(much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely, almost, slightly, hardly)、疑问副词(how, when, where, why)、连接副词(therefore, moreover, however, otherwise, then, when, where, how, why)、关系副词(first, then, next, finally, afterwards, primarily)、顺序副词(already, ever, just, never, since, yet, recently)。
“副词”负责什么?
“副词”主要用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。
“副词”在哪里?
①当修饰动词时,多数副词放在动词后面,或者放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后,实义动词之前,例如:
It is considered as the main mediator in airway remodeling and researched most frequently and extensively. (TGF-β1在气道重塑中是主要中介,其研究的最多、最广泛。)
In recent years, MRI has been widely used in every research fields of the central nervous system diseases. (近些年来MRI已广泛应用于中枢神经系统疾病的各研究领域之中。)
②当修饰形容词时,通常放在形容词之前,例如:
P < 0.05 meant the difference was statistically significant. (P < 0.05差异具有统计学意义。)
③当修饰副词时,放在所修饰副词之前(enough除外)
You’ve done very well. (你做的太棒了)
He didn't run fast enough to catch the train. (他跑的不够快,没能赶上火车。)
③当修饰全句时,放在句首(时间副词除外),例如:
However, the action mechanism still remains unclear. (然而,作用机制仍不清楚。)
Additionally, it can aggravate asthma symptoms in patients and lower their pulmonary function. (另外,它可引起哮喘患者症状加重和肺功能降低。)
值得注意的是,当修饰全句时,如果副词(时间副词除外)放在句尾,则会改变整句的语义,例如:
Happily, he didn’t die. (幸运的是,他没死。)
He didn’t lie happily. (他含笑而终。)
而时间副词可放句首,也可放句尾。当句子较短时,则放句尾,而句子较长时,则放句首。例如:
Yesterday I saw him chatting pleasantly with a girl in the park.(昨天,我看见他在公园和一个女孩高兴的聊天。)
I saw him in the park yesterday. (昨天我在公园看见他了)
In 1914, war broke out in the small town close to the border.(1914年,边境小镇爆发了战争。)
The war broke out in 1914.(1914年,战争爆发了。)
在下一期,小编将继续介绍副词的形式及其特殊形式,易混淆副词的辨析,和部分副词短语。