一、need作情态动词的用法:
(1)need用作情态动词时表“必须、必要”,后直接跟动词原型,need do,否定needn’t do
(2)need无人称、数的变化(第三人称单数不加s),也没有非谓语形式(不定式、分词).
(3)注意:need用作情态动词时常用于否定句和疑问句中.
(4)must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答必须使用needn't.肯定回答用must.或have to;
What is right for us need not be right for others
对我们来说是对的东西,对别人来说未必正确。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
Freedom need not mean independence.
自由不一定意味着独立。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
特别注意:
1.由于用作情态动词的need通常用于否定句和疑问句中,所以对于need开头的疑问句和否定句的回答可用needn't,但肯定回答要用must。
例如:-Need I come back home now?我现在需要回家吗?
肯定回答-Yes, you must.是的,你必须现在回家。
否定回答-No, you needn't.不,你不需要现在回家。
2.由must引出的一般疑问句,其肯定句回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don't have to
例如:-Must I come back home now?
肯定回答-Yes, you must.是的,你必须现在回家。
否定回答-No, you needn't./No, you don't have to.不,你不必。
(must一般疑问句的否定回答是平时考试的重点,所以同学们要注意这个考点。Must开头的句子并不一定要用must回答,该句的否定中要用need和have to来参与作答。)
(must与need开头的疑问句其肯定回答都要用must;否定回答都用needn't)
名词:
There's no need to call a doctor
没有必要叫医生。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
There's no need for you to stay.
你不需要呆在这儿了。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
All right, no need to say any more.
好了,不要再说了。
《汉英大词典》
He was badly in need of a shave
他早就应该刮一下胡子了。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
She felt the need to talk to someone.
她特别想和人聊聊。
I'm in need of some fresh air.
我很想呼吸一点新鲜空气。
She had no more need of me.
她再也不需要我了。
二、need作实义动词的用法:
1、need something(名词) 需要某物
2、need to do something 需要做某事
3、need doing = need to be done 需要……
4、need somebody to do something 需要某人做某事
“need”作为实义动词时,通常用法是
人+need +to do ;
物+need +doing ;
物+need +to be done
例如:
The room needs cleaning = The room needs to be cleaned.
房间需要打扫了.。
need用作实义动词时,有各种时态的变化,可用于各种句式;其宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式以及代词。构成其否定句和疑问句时要借助助动词do。
A baby does not need to wear shoes until he starts to walk
婴儿在开始走路前不需要穿鞋。
I need you here, Wally
我这儿需要你,沃利。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
Do you need any help?
你需要帮忙吗?
Don't go─I might need you.
别走——我可能要你帮忙。
I need to get some sleep.
我需要睡会儿觉。
He needs to win this game to stay in the match.
他得赢下这场比赛以免被淘汰出局。
You don't need to leave yet, do you?
你不必现在就走吧?
Will we need to show our passports?
我们要出示护照吗?
They needed our help yesterday.他们昨天需要我们的帮助。
It is a question that needs very careful consideration.
这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。
They don't need to get up early tomorrow.他们明天不需要早起。
I didn't need to go to the bank after all─Mary lent me the money.
我最终还是不必去银行了——玛丽借我钱了。
当need做实义动词时need to do sth与need doing sth的区别:
1.need to do sth“需要做某事”:此时主语与do之间为主动关系。
例如:The boy needs to take care of his young sister.这个男孩需要照顾他的妹妹。
(the boy与take care of为主动关系。因为照顾妹妹是哥哥主动做的事情。因为the boy属于第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词need要用相应的单数第三人称形式needs。)
2.need doing sth/need to be done“需要(被)做某事”:此时主语与do之间为被动关系。
例如:The car needs washing=The car needs to be washed.这辆车需要洗一下。
(车不会自己给自己清洗,需要被人洗,所以该句的主语the car与wash之间为被动语态。)
This shirt needs washing.
这件衬衣该洗了。
This shirt needs to be washed.
这件衬衣该洗了。
作情态动词
1.need作情态动词无人称或数的变化, 后接动词原形,多用于否定句和疑问句中.如:You needn't worry.你不必担心.
2.由need引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must或have to;否定答语常用needn't. 如:
—Need I answer the question? 我需要回答那个问题吗?
—Yes, you must. /Yes, you have to.是的,你必须回答./是的,你得回答./No, you needn't.不,不必了.
3.由must引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定答语用needn't或don't have to.如:
—Must I do the work now? 我必须现在干这个活吗?
—Yes, you must /have to.是的,你必须做./No, you needn't /don't have to. 不,你现在不必做.
三.needn't have done表示“本来不必做某事却做了”。
例如:You needn't have hurried (= it was not necessary for you to hurry, but you did) .
你当时不必这么匆忙。
You needn't have told her that bad news.你本没有必要告诉她这个坏消息。
(need的否定形式在后面加上现在完成时表示“本不需要做的事情却做了。”与该意思相近的有shouldn't have done/oughtn't have done/might not have done.)
Need you have paid so much?
你用得着花那么多钱吗?(大多实际是说不用花的意思。)
关键词组
in need 在危难中;在穷困中的
need for 对……的需要;需要……
in need of 需要…时
no need 不需要;不必了
need to do 需要做…
urgent need 迫切需要
need help 需要帮助
actual need 实际需要
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