一.need的定义及用法:need 表示“需要;必要”,既可以做情态动词,又可以做实义动词。
1.need用作情态动词时,后接动词原形,此时其没有人称和数的变化,通常用于否定句和疑问句中。
例如:Need I come back home now?我现在需要回家吗?
(该句中need为情态动词,其用于疑问句中,表示“需要”。)
-Need I come back home now?我现在需要回家吗?
-No, you needn't.不,你不需要。
(该句答语为need的否定回答。)
2.need用作实义动词时,有各种时态的变化,可用于各种句式;其宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式以及代词。构成其否定句和疑问句时要借助助动词do。
例如:They needed our help yesterday.他们昨天需要我们的帮助。
(该句为need的一般过去时,句中的过去的时间状语为yesterday,所以句子的时态要用相应的一般过去时。need属于规则性动词,所以一般过去时就是在其后加上-ed。)
They don't need to get up early Tomorrow.他们明天不需要早起。
(该句为need的否定形式,因为此时need为实义动词,所以其否定形式就要借助助动词do来否定,do的否定为do not=don't,后再接动词原形。)
二.当need做实义动词时need to do sth与need doing sth的区别:
1.need to do sth“需要做某事”:此时主语与do之间为主动关系。
例如:The boy needs to take care of his young sister
.这个男孩需要照顾他的妹妹。
the boy与take care of为主动关系。因为照顾妹妹是哥哥主动做的事情。因为the boy属于第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词need要用相应的单数第三人称形式needs。)
2.need doing sth/need to be done“需要(被)做某事”:此时主语与do之间为被动关系。
例如:The car needs washing=The car needs to be washed.
这辆车需要洗一下。
车不会自己给自己清洗,需要被人洗,所以该句的主语the car与wash之间为被动语态。)
三.needn't have done表示“本来不必做某事却做了”。
例如:You needn't have told her that bad news.
你本没有必要告诉她这个坏消息。
(need的否定形式在后面加上现在完成时表示“本不需要做的事情却做了。”与该意思相近的有shouldn't have done/oughtn't have done/might not have done.)
四.1.由于用作情态动词的need通常用于否定句和疑问句中,所以对于need开头的疑问句和否定句的回答可用needn't,但肯定回答要用must。
例如:-Need I come back home now?
我现在需要回家吗?
肯定回答-Yes, you must.是的,你必须现在回家。
否定回答-No, you needn't.不,你不需要现在回家。
2.由must引出的一般疑问句,其肯定句回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don't have to
例如:-Must I come back home now?
肯定回答-Yes, you must.是的,你必须现在回家。
否定回答-No, you needn't./No, you don't have to.不,你不必。
(must一般疑问句的否定回答是平时考试的重点,所以同学们要注意这个考点。Must开头的句子并不一定要用must回答,该句的否定中要用need和have to来参与作答。)
(must与need开头的疑问句其肯定回答都要用must;否定回答都用needn't)
经典考题
1. You ( )any help, do you?
A. don’t need B. needn’t C. need D. Doesn’t need
2. ---Must I stay at the office this afternoon? ---No, you ( ).
A. don’t B. needn’t C. don’t need D. can’t
3. Tom ( ) get up a little earlier tomorrow.
A. needs B. need C. need to D. needs to
4. Need the doctor ________ with you tonight?
A. staying B. stay C. stays D. to stay
5. Look! Your shirt is so dirty. It ( ).
A. need washing B. need to wash C. needs washing D. need wash
6. You needn’t worry about the money .
You ( )( )to worry about the money .
7. The hospital is ( )blood.
A. in great need of B. on great need of C. in great need with D. on great need with
8. Your room is full of dust. It ( ).
A. need clean B. need cleaning C. need to be cleaned D. needs to be cleaned
9. ( )David( ) anything to drink?
A. Need,…\ B. Needs,…\ C. Does…need D. Do…need
10. You( )to the meeting tomorrow if you have something important to do.
A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come
11. I'll help you look after your dog .You( ) worry about it .
A. need to B. don't need to C. needn't to D. don't need
12. I don’t think he ___ a new bike.
A. need to buy B. needs buy C. need D. need buy
13.My watch has stopped and it needs repairing.
My watch has stopped and it needs( )( )( )
14. .Need I go now ?
Yes,you ( )/ No, you ( )
KEY: 1-5. ABDBC 6-10. don’t need ADCD 11.B. 12.D 13. to be repaired
14. must / needn’t