高中英语语法 之 一般过去时的被动语态讲解与练习
一般过去时的被动语态
1. 句子构成: was / were 过去分词
2. 用法
一般过去时被动式与一般过去时主动式的用法一样，表示过去发生的已结束的动作和事件
e.g.This table was made by my grandfather.
3. 一般过去时的被动语态的句型
1.肯定句:主语 was/were 动词的过去分词 by 宾语 其他
e.g.The book was read by people in the 1950s.
2.否定句:主语 was/were not 动词的过去分词 by 宾语 其他
e.g.The book was not read by people in the 1950s.
3.一般疑问句: Was/Were 主语 动词的过去分词 其他?
e.g.Was the book read by people in the 1950s?
4.特殊疑问句:What/Where/When was/were( 主语) 动词的过去分词 其他?(注意主语与be动词的位置，可能会根据特殊疑问词的不同进行互换或者省略。)
e.g.When was the book read by people?
跟踪练习
一、用was 或 were 补全句子。
1. The fire_____seen in Renton, a kilometre away.
2. Most of the matches_____won by Indian teams.
3. These keys_____found in the changing room yesterday-are they yours?
4.We couldn't find the station, but we_____helped by a very kind woman.
5. I_____stopped by a policeman in Green Road this morning.
6. Yesterday a man_____caught trying to burn down the Town Hall.
二、用动词的一般过去时被动式填空。
1. Our passports _____by a tall woman in a uniform.(take)
2. These books _____ the classroom on Monday.(leave)
3.I don't think this room_____yesterday.(clean)
4.We_____a the airport by a driver from the university. (meet)
5.Nobody _____ what was happening.(tell)
6.He _____ away to school when he was twelve.(send)
答案：
一、was, were, were, were, was, was 二、were taken; were left; was cleaned; were met; was told; was sent
附：主动语态变为被动语态的方法一
一般情况下，将主动语态变为被动语态的方法可分为三步：
第一步是把主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语；
第二步是把主动句的谓语变成“be 过去分词”，be时态要与原句保持一致；
第三步是把主动句的主语变为by的宾语，放在被动句的谓语之后，by短语可以省略。
e.g.Mary broke the cup.
The cup was broken by Mary.
主动语态变成被动语态的特殊形式：
1.若句子中含有双宾语，在改为被动语态时，遵循以下方法：
1).将间接宾语转化为句子主语。
e.g.She gave the little girl some flowers．
→The little girl was given some flowers by her.
2).将直接宾语转化为句子主语，此时间接宾语前通常加上介词to或for。
e.g.They bought the children many good books.
→Many good books were bought for the children by them.
He lent me a pen.
→A pen was lent to me by him.
2.在不定式作宾语补足语的结构中，改为被动语态时，把主动语态中的宾语提到被动语态主语的位置，宾语补足语的位置不变。
e.g.He asked the boy to wash the car.
→The boy was asked to wash the car.
3.如果原句中含有不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动语态时，不定式前需要加上to。常接省略to的不定式作补足语的动词有：hear，watch，see，notice，let，make，have等。
e.g.They watched the children sing that morning
→The children were watched to sing that morning
