Homologus series: This is a series of compounds in which all the members are similar in constitution (i.e. they contain the same functional group, if any) and therefore in chemical properties.
同系物系列:这是一个化合物系列,其中所有成员在结构上是相似的(即它们包含相同的官能团,如果有的话),因此在化学性质上也是相似的。
Each homologous series has a general formula (e.g. CnH2n 2 for the alkanes) and each member of the series differs from the next by CH2 unit in all cases.
There is a regular change in physical properties as one ascends the series for example: methane - gas, octane - liquid, and higher alkanes - solid.
每个同源系列都有一个一般的公式(例如,CnH2n 2为烷烃),并且在所有情况下,该系列的每个成员都与下一个成员有CH2单元的不同。
随着系列的上升,物理性质有规律的变化,例如:甲烷--气体,辛烷--液体,而更高的烷烃--固体。